In the following I tI)' to show that there is an attractive notion of citizenship which is independent of any kind of collective identity. Citizenship is understood as one fonn of social interaction. It is argued that in order to understand social interaction adequate1y, it is necessary to introduce a structuraJ. theory ofpractical rationality, to the extent this conception of citizenship is ba...

In 1877 Peirce distinguished four different methods of “fixating our beliefs”, among which I here concentrate on what could be called the “method of tenacity” and the “method of science”. I then use these distinctions to argue that despite their apparent conflict, pragmatism, relying on the method of tenacity, and naturalism, relying on the method of science, can and should coexist, both in sci...

Because of the prominence it gives to motivation by reciprocity, John Rawls's theory of "justice as fairness" has been criticized for being insufficiently demanding with respect to our duties to the disabled and to people in other countries. Rawls's defenders have responded by downplaying reciprocity, emphasizing instead equal respect for persons as moral subjects as the foundation of the contr...