In the formalism of generalized holographic dark energy (HDE), cut-off is to depend upon LIR=LIRLp,L?p,L¨p,?,Lf,L?f,?,a with Lp and Lf being particle horizon future horizon, respectively (moreover, a scale factor Universe). Based on such formalism, in present paper, we show that wide class (DE) models can be regarded as different candidates for HDE family, respective cut-offs. This thought symm...

Lethal factor (LF), a zinc-dependent protease of high specificity produced by Bacillus anthracis, is the effector component of the binary toxin that causes death in anthrax. New therapeutics targeting the toxin are required to reduce systemic anthrax-related fatalities. In particular, new insights into the LF catalytic mechanism will be useful for the development of LF inhibitors. We evaluated ...

Anthrax lethal factor (LF) is a Zn(+2)-dependent metalloprotease that cleaves several MAPK kinases and is responsible for the lethality of anthrax lethal toxin (LT). We observed that a recombinant LF (LF-HMA) which differs from wild type LF (LF-A) by the addition of two residues (His-Met) to the native Ala (A) terminus as a result of cloning manipulations has 3-fold lower potency toward culture...

STUDY DESIGN Cross-sectional study. PURPOSE To investigate the relationship between ligamentum flavum (LF) thickening and lumbar segmental instability and disc degeneration and facet joint osteoarthritis. OVERVIEW OF LITERATURE Posterior spinal structures, including LF thickness, play a major role in lumbar spinal canal stenosis pathogenesis. The cause of LF thickening is multifactorial and...

We use deep Hubble Space Telescope imaging of the Frontier Fields to accurately measure the galaxy rest-frame ultraviolet luminosity function (UV LF) in the redshift range z∼ 6–8. We combine observations in three lensing clusters, A2744, MACS 0416, and MACS 0717, and their associated parallelfields to select high-redshift dropout candidates. We use the latest lensing models to estimate the flu...

The time domain sampler (TDS) experiment on WIND measures electric and magnetic wave forms with a sampling rate which reaches 120 000 points per second. We analyse here observations made in the solar wind near the Lagrange point L1. In the range of frequencies above the proton plasma frequency fpi and smaller than or of the order of the electron plasma frequency fpe, TDS observed three kinds of...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Thickening of the LF is ascribed to buckling due to DSN. Uncertainty exists as to whether this can occur without DSN. Our primary hypothesis was that facet degenerative changes alone, independent of DSN, can thicken the LF. Our secondary hypothesis was that inflammatory changes surrounding degenerative facet joints may incite thickening. MATERIALS AND METHODS Fifty-two ...

JANSEN, B. C., 1971. The quantitative determination of the toxic factors produced by Clostridium botulinum types C and D. Onderstepoort f. vet. Res., 38 (3), 177180 (1971). The Lf values of the C, C2 and D factors produced by Clostridium botulinum types C and D were compared with the results of in vivo quantitative tests. It was found that the flocculation test is a rel iable method of determin...

References 1. Wang N, Zhai H, Lu Y: Is fluorine-18 fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography useful for the thyroid nodules with indeterminate fine needle aspiration biopsy? a meta-analysis of the literature. J Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2013, 42:38. 2. Vriens D, De Wilt JH, Van der Wilt GJ, Netea-Maier RT, Oyen WJ, De Geus-Oei LF: The role of [18 F]-2-fluoro-2-deoxy-d-glucose-positron em...

Purpose: Patients with invasive fungal infections are often treated initially with conventional amphotericin B deoxycholate (CAB), followed by a switch to lipid-based formulations of amphotericin B (LF-AMB). Our study examined adverse events and hospital length of stay (LOS) among adults who received LF-AMB exclusively or CAB followed by LF-AMB (CAB/LF-AMB). Methods: Data were extracted from th...