This paper proposes the new concept of stochastic leverage in stochastic volatility models. Stochastic leverage refers to a stochastic process which replaces the classical constant correlation parameter between the asset return and the stochastic volatility process. We provide a systematic treatment of stochastic leverage and propose to model the stochastic leverage effect explicitly, e.g. by m...

This paper examines the causes of bankruptcy for a sample of 949 UK listed companies between 1987–1994. The most important determinants of bankruptcy are profitability, leverage, cashflow, company size, industry sector and the economic cycle. Tests for heteroskedasticity revealed that cashflow and leverage have significant non-linear effects, and taking account of these non-linearities improves...

Tightening financial regulation squeezes banking activities into the shadow banking sector, which may hurt financial stability and production (Plantin, 2014). Unlike Plantin’s work, we investigate regulations that reduce banks’ leverage and dampen financial amplification effects. Moreover, our paper studies the trade-off between economic growth and financial stability in light of shadow banking...

Abstract Dynamic panel data regression models with fixed effects to account for unobserved heterogeneity are standard econometric tools. It is not until recently, however, that the problems involved when fitting such regressions leverage have been investigated. The main problem of extremely noisy, much more so than what can be accommodated using effects. present article seen as a reaction this....

Bagging is a procedure averaging estimators trained on bootstrap samples. Numerous experiments have shown that bagged estimates often yield better results than the original predictor, and several explanations have been given to account for this gain. However, six years from its introduction, bagging is still not fully understood. Most explanations given until now are based on global properties ...

Digital inequality, or the unequal access and use of information communication technologies, inhibits under-privileged people from opportunities in the digital world. Although government and private organizations have devoted considerable resources to address this inequality, issues remain unsolved. A theory-based investigation of the phenomenon is essential for effective policy-making and inte...

Foresight is currently perceived as a critical activity in the development of innovation policies and corporate strategies. While there are many descriptions of the benefits of foresight, there is little research into how these benefits are created. In addition, although the view of innovations has shifted towards a systems understanding, the same has not happened with foresight, which is large...