Physiological effect of six levels of water stress (0, -0.1, -.03, -0.6, -0.9 and -1.2 MP) was studied on seed germination and plumule as well as radicule growth length in three species namely: Agropyron elongatum, Agropyron desertourm and Secale montanum. Polyethylene glycol (PEG) was used to provide appropriate water potentials. A total of 100 seeds in four replications (Petri dishes) were so...

Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) involves a reduction reaction metal salt solution mixed with plant extract. The yield can be controlled using several independent factors, such as extract and concentration, temperature, incubation time. AgNPs from Origanum vulgare (oregano) were synthesized in the past. However, no investigations performed on combined effects factors that affect ...

BACKGROUND In certain diseases clinical experts may judge that the intervention with the best prospects is the addition of two treatments to the standard of care. This can either be tested with a simple randomized trial of combination versus standard treatment or with a 2 x 2 factorial design. METHODS We compared the two approaches using the design of a new trial in tuberculous meningitis as ...

Within structural equation modeling, the most prevalent model to investigate measurement bias is the multigroup model. Equal factor loadings and intercepts across groups in a multigroup model represent strong factorial invariance (absence of measurement bias) across groups. Although this approach is possible in principle, it is hardly practical when the number of groups is large or when the gro...

A commonly used follow-up experiment strategy involves the use of a foldover design by reversing the signs of one or more columns of the initial design. DeŽ ning a foldover plan as the collection of columns whose signs are to be reversed in the foldover design, this article answers the following question: Given a 2kp design with k factors and p generators, what is its optimal foldover plan? We ...