Virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) was used as a tool for functional analysis of cell wall-associated genes that have been suggested to be involved in leaf abscission. Tobacco rattle virus is an effective vector for VIGS in tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum). Silencing was more efficient when the plants were grown at 22 degrees C than when they were grown at 20 degrees C or 25 degrees C. The pho...

background: urinary tract infections (utis) are one of the most important bacterial infections among children throughout the world. the study aimed to estimate the cost of hospitalization associated with pediatric utis in kermanshah province for the years of 2013 and 2014. methods and materials: this was a cross sectional and descriptive study. the study subjects included all those aged 20 year...

The aim of this study was to evaluate phenotypic variation of R0 androgenic plants obtained from four seed sources and donor plants by anther culture. Several morphological traits (leaf size, petiole length, leaf division, cortex colour) and the range of diversity were evaluated. There was large variation in all traits among the donor varieties. Especially leaf division and cortex colour differ...

The present work describes a novel neoformation process of Brassica juncea (L.) Czern. seedlings from transverse thin cell layers in the presence of CdCl2. In order to investigate the regeneration ability of this crop, the effect of CdCl2 on shoot regeneration (frequency of regeneration and bud number per tTCL) was examined. The tTCL explants were excised from cotyledon, petiole and hypocotyl o...

this experiment was conducted to study the effect of plastic mulch on the growth and some physiological characteristics of two strawberry cultivars (paros and queen elisa) under drought stress. a factorial experiment was performed based on randomized complete block design with four treatments, including mulch, without mulch, normal irrigation (control) and deficit irrigation (-10 bar) with thre...

White clover (Trifolium repens) foliar ‘grab’ samples were taken pre-grazing from two irrigated experiments at Lincoln University ~6 week intervals August 2019 to May 2021. Clover leaves divided into lamina and petiole before analysis. The results for nitrogen (N), phosphorous (P), potassium (K) sulphur (S) concentrations are reported.
 While there seasonal variations, N% S% consistently h...

Voltage-elicited action potentials (APs) have been reproducibly obtained in Arabidopsis thaliana ecotype col. Excitations pulses (voltage-duration: V-t) were given in the 0- to 18-V and 0- to 35-s ranges, respectively, by two galvanically isolated Pt/Ir small wires inserted trough the main vein in the distal part of the leaf. Conventional liquid junction Ag/AgCl electrodes were placed at the zo...