In the linear regression models with AR (1) error structure when collinearity exists, stochastic linear restrictions or modifications of biased estimators (including Liu estimators) can be used to reduce the estimated variance of the regression coefficients estimates. In this paper, the combination of the biased Liu estimator and stochastic linear restrictions estimator is considered to overcom...

Biased agonism at G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) has significant implications for current drug discovery, but molecular determinants that govern ligand bias remain largely unknown. The adenosine A3 GPCR (A3AR) is a potential therapeutic target for various conditions, including cancer, inflammation, and ischemia, but for which biased agonism remains largely unexplored. We now report the gen...

A biased electrode is used in the Madison Symmetric Torus ~MST! reversed-field pinch @Fusion Technol. 19, 131 ~1991!# to manipulate plasma flow in order to study flow damping and momentum transport. Finite radial conductivity allows a radial current, which provides the toroidal torque that spins up the plasma. The applied torque is balanced by a viscous force that opposes toroidal flow accelera...

According to attribution theory stigmatized behaviors with biological explanations will be perceived more positively than those with psychological explanations, but informing people of the biological explanations of homosexuality has produced mixed results on attitudes. To examine if biased processing could explain previous findings we tested whether biased assimilation (initial attitudes’ effe...

On line analytical processing (OLAP) is an essential element of decisionsupport systems. OLAP tools provide insights and understanding needed for improved decision making. However, the answers to OLAP queries can be biased and lead to perplexing and incorrect insights. In this paper, we propose HypDB, a system to detect, explain, and to resolve bias in decision-support queries. We give a simple...

Evidence from both psychology and economics shows that people exaggerate the similarity between the information they have and the information available to others. I present a model of such information projection by assuming that after processing a signal a person overestimates the probability with which this signal is available to others. I apply the model to agency and communication settings. ...

Sex ratios in farmed European sea bass are highly biased towards males (75 to 95%), which is problematic for aquaculture. In this mini-review, we re-analyse fisheries literature data about sex ratios in wild sea bass from 13 population samples, representing altogether 4889 individuals covering the major part of the distribution range of the species. We find that as a whole, the sex ratio of wil...

Thuiller et al. analyzed the consequences of anticipated climate change on plant, bird, and mammal phylogenetic diversity (PD) across Europe. They concluded that species loss will not be clade specific across the Tree of Life, and that there will not be an overall decline in PD across the whole of Europe. We applaud their attempt to integrate phylogenetic knowledge into scenarios of future exti...

When people retell events, they take different perspectives for different audiences and purposes. In four experiments, we examined the effects of this postevent reorganization of events on memory for the original events. In each experiment, participants read a story, wrote a biased letter about one of the story characters, and later remembered the original story. Participants' letters contained...

Genetically identical individuals display variability in their physiology, morphology, and behaviors, even when reared in essentially identical environments, but there is little mechanistic understanding of the basis of such variation. Here, we investigated whether Drosophila melanogaster displays individual-to-individual variation in locomotor behaviors. We developed a new high-throughout plat...