ABSTRACT: Nowadays, consumption of whole flours and flours with high extraction rate is recommended, because of their large amount of fiber, vitamins and minerals. Despite nutritional benefits of whole flours, concentration of some undesirable components such as phytic acid is higher than white flour. In this study, the effect of several sourdough lactic acid bacteria on toast bread was investi...

Are giant clams endangered? Giant clam species are extinct or in danger of extinction in many parts of their distributions, despite being listed in the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species and Appendix II of the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species (CITES). The shells of the smaller species are often found in shell and tourist shops around the world. The large species have bee...

A large amount of energy is utilized by legume nodules for the fixation of nitrogen and assimilation of fixed nitrogen (ammonia) into organic compounds. The source of energy is provided in the form of photosynthates by the host plant. Phosphoenol pyruvate carboxylase (PEPC) enzyme, which is responsible for carbon dioxide fixation in C4 and crassulacean acid metabolism plants, has also been foun...

Grain legumes are a valuable source of food proteins. Their exploitation is expected to grow in relation of a growing world's food needs. Moreover, it is currently taking place a reappraisal of the beneficial effects of legume seed dietary intake, which are the basis for various health claims. Proteins and peptides concur to the observed biological activities of legume seeds, but their effect(s...

In marked contrast, around 16,000 species within the 650–700 genera of legumes have been identified as forming nitrogen-fixing symbioses with rhizobia. If such diversity is taken as a measure of evolutionary success or fitness, the legume family within the Fabales has been considerably more successful than any other family of nodulating plants in the closely-related orders. Why is it that nitro...

background: the aim of this study was to investigate the relation between legume consumption and the metabolic syndrome among isfahan in female nurses.   methods: this cross-sectional study was performed among 420 isfahanian female nurses, selected by a multistage cluster random sampling method. usual dietary intakes of subjects were assessed using a 106-item semi-quantitative food frequency qu...

The solvent extracted vegetable seed oils of Cucurbitaceae family viz. Bitter gourd (Momordica charentia), Small bitter gourd (Momordica dioica), Bottle gourd (Lagenaria siscraria) and Ridge gourd (Luffa acutangula) were evaluated as grain protectant against callosobruchus chinensis on the stored legume-pulse grains. All the vegetable seed oils were found effective as legume-pulse grain protect...