Each ozone profile is a unique response to the photochemical and dynamic processes operating in the troposphere and hence is critical to our understanding of processes and their relative contributions to the tropospheric ozone budget. Traditionally, mean profiles, together with some measure of variability, averaged by season or year at a 5 particular location have been presented as a climatolog...

Despite long-standing interest in latitudinal variation in ecological patterns and processes, there is to date weak and conflicting evidence that herbivore pressure varies with latitude. We used three approaches to examine latitudinal variation in herbivore pressure in Atlantic Coast salt marshes, focusing on five abundant plant taxa: the grass Spartina alterniflora, the congeneric rushes Juncu...

a comprehensive mathematical model based on the discrete particle model and computational fluid dynamics was utilized to investigate mixing and segregation of particles in fluidized beds at high pressure. to quantify the extent of mixing in the bed, the lacey mixing index was used. simulations were carried out with different mass fractions of small particles at various pressures ranging from 1 ...

[1] We describe a broad resolution of the ‘‘Atlantic Parado’’ concerning the seasonal and geographic distribution of tropical tropospheric ozone. We highlight periods of significant maximum tropospheric O3 for Jan.– April, 1999, exploiting satellite estimates and SHADOZ (Southern Hemisphere Additional Ozonesondes). Trajectory analyses connecting sondes and Total Tropospheric Ozone (TTO) maps su...

During SPURT (Spurenstofftransport in der Tropopausenregion, trace gas transport in the tropopause region) we performed measurements of a wide range of trace gases with different lifetimes and sink/source characteristics in the northern hemispheric upper troposphere (UT) and lowermost stratosphere (LMS). A large number of in-situ instruments were deployed on board a Learjet 35A, flying at altit...

Gravity waves can emerge as a result of the perturbation of atmospheric circulatory systems. They encompass periodic, yet geographically stationary, changes in temperature, pressure and vertical wind components. Occurrence of such waves is frequent if strong winds hit high mountains. Secondary effect of such waves may also be encountered as clear...

In response to recommendations from the National Aviation Weather Program Council, the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) is working with industry to develop an electronic pilot reporting capability for small aircraft. This paper describes the Tropospheric Airborne Meteorological Data Reporting (TAMDAR) sensor development effort. NASA is working with industry to develop a sens...

the main limitation of radar interferometry in measuring ground displacements is due to phase propagation delays caused by the troposphere. tropospheric water vapor is a major limitation for high precision interferometric synthetic aperture radar (insar)applications. using global meteorological reanalysis models and merisdata are two methods that can be used for correcting the effects of the tr...

Abstract The continually changing atmospheric conditions over densely populated coastal urban regions make it challenging to produce models that accurately capture the complex interactions of anthropogenic and environmental emissions, chemical reactions, unique meteorological processes, such as sea- land-breeze circulations. purpose this study is determine identify influence synoptic-scale wind...