conclusions in molecular epidemiology studies, nested pcr has higher sensitivity than pcr. results of this study support the colonization of p. jiroveci in patients receiving lung transplantation. patients who are carriers of p. jiroveci are at a higher risk of p. jiroveci pneumonia. results the genome of p. jiroveci was revealed by a 346 bp pcr product in the initial amplification and a 120 bp...

BACKGROUND M. tuberculosis and helminth infection each affects one third of the world population. Helminth infections down regulate cell mediated immune responses and this may contribute to lower efficacy of BCG vaccination and higher prevalence of tuberculosis. OBJECTIVE To determine the effect of maternal helminth infection on maternal and neonatal immune function and immunity to TB. METH...

The feasibility of the major peripheral blood leukocyte (PBL) subsets for use in qualitative and quantitative PCR to monitor secondary cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection and ganciclovir therapy was assessed with 188 blood samples derived from 40 CMV immunoglobulin G-positive renal-allograft recipients. In pp65 antigen-positive patients all leukocyte fractions, but only 79.5% of plasma preparations...

Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) is a significant human pathogen that achieves lifelong persistence by establishing latent infections in undifferentiated cells of the myeloid lineage, such as CD34(+) hematopoietic progenitor cells. When latency is established, viral lytic gene expression is silenced in part by a cellular intrinsic defense consisting of Daxx and histone deacetylases (HDACs) because ...

Tissue-resident memory T cells (TRM) were first described in 2009. While initially the major focus was on CD8+ TRM, there has recently been increased interest defining phenotype and role of CD4+ TRM diseases. Circulating seed but also appears to be an equilibrium between blood cells. are more mobile than usually localized deeper within dermis/lamina propria yet may exhibit synergy with disease ...

Cryptococcosis is a life-threatening opportunistic fungal infection, being the third most common cause of invasive infections in solid organ transplant (SOT) recipients, primarily caused by C. neoformans and gattii. The incidence SOT recipients 0.2-5%, associated with high morbidity mortality up to 30-50% acute setting. It considered be reactivation latent occurring usually late post-transplant...

Being a solid organ and hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipient as well as receiving chemotherapy for a malignant hematological disease clearly predispose the subject to a variety of viral infections, both common and opportunistic diseases. The patient may have acquired these infections from the community as well as from the donor organ (donor-derived infections) and/or from reactivation o...

SUMMARY Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients may acquire new viral co-infections; they also may experience the reactivation or worsening of existing viral infections, including active, smoldering, or latent infections. HIV-infected patients may be predisposed to these viral infections owing to immunodeficiency or risk factors common to HIV and other viruses. A number of these af...

Infections by malaria parasite and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) represent major public health problems in many parts of the world. Both infections kill millions of people each year and both infections are scourges of developing nations in Africa, India, southeast Asia and South America1. In recent years, it has been hypothesised that a possible deleterious interaction between both infecti...