BACKGROUND Mechanical ventilation via automated in-hospital ventilators is quite common during cardiopulmonary resuscitation. It is not known whether different inspiratory triggering sensitivity settings of ordinary ventilators have different effects on actual ventilation, gas exchange and hemodynamics during resuscitation. METHODS 18 pigs enrolled in this study were anaesthetized and intubat...

In this issue of Chemistry & Biology, Trausch and Batey report a discrepancy between ligand binding affinity and the effect of transcription termination in a THF riboswitch, raising some important questions about our current understanding of ligand-dependent RNA switches.

In this article the triggering hypothesis for codeswitching proposed by Michael Clyne is discussed and tested. According to this hypothesis, cognates can facilitate codeswitching of directly preceding or following words. It is argued that the triggering hypothesis in its original form is incompatible with language production models, as it assumes that language choice takes place at the surface ...

Weed control is necessary to ensure a high crop yield with good quality. Herbicide application and mechanical weeding are the most common methods worldwide. The use of herbicides has led increasing occurrence herbicide-resistant weeds unwanted contamination environment. Mechanical weed harms beneficial organisms, increases degradation organic matter, may dry out soil, stimulate new cohorts seed...

The influence of ultra-short laser modification on the surface morphology and possible chemical alteration poly-lactic acid (PLA) matrix in respect to optimization cellular antibacterial behavior were investigated this study. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) morphological examination processed PLA showed formation diverse hierarchical microstructures, generated by irradiation with a range flu...

Damage of the normal tissue is a serious concenrn in cancer treatment. Hyperthermia by laserhas been considered as a safe cancer treatments methods with lower harmful effects on normaltissues. Using nanoparticles in cancer treatment has improved laser therapy, which is based ona selective cell targeting method to localize cell damages. Metallic nanoparticles such as gold,silver, and copper have...

Background: Laser-tissue interaction on low-level laser therapy (LLLT) has widespread medical applications (e.g., improved wound healing). The tensile strength of radiated tissue by LLLT is known to be increased mainly because of cross collagen bands developed after radiation.Objective: In this work, we studied the instantaneous effect of radiation of polarized laser beam on the viscoelastic ti...

Background: Treatment of vitiligo remains an attractive topic and several therapies with varying degrees of success have been used. The aim of this study was to find out whether the combination of topical calcipotriol and excimer laser increases the efficacy of therapy compared to excimer laser alone. Methods: Twenty eight patients in two groups were treated with 308nm excimer laser alone (14 p...