5 Calibration and validation of the Land Use Scanner allocation algorithms The Land Use Scanner is a spatial model that simulates future land use. Since its development in 1997, it has been applied in many policy-related land-use projects. In 2005, a completely revised version became available. In this version, land use can be modelled on a reduced scale, the smallest resolution now being 100 m...

Surface ozone (SOZ) can be very harmful if it exceeds the threshold limit. It can accumulate over sea and can return back to the land along with the breeze. Rural and vegetation rich areas often record elevated levels of surface ozone because of the variations in Volatile Organic Compound (VOC) levels, wind velocity and direction. Similarly methane is also an important greenhouse gas and plays ...

Abstract Particularly challenging classes of heterogeneous surfaces are ones where strong secondary circulations generated, potentially dominating the flow dynamics. In this study, we focus on land‐sea breeze (LSBs) resulting from surface thermal contrasts, in presence increasing synoptic pressure forcing. The relative importance and orientation forcings measured through two dimensionless param...

Environmental niche modeling outputs a biological species' potential distribution. Further work is needed to arrive at a species' realized distribution. The Biological Species Approximate Realized Niche (BioSARN) application provides the ecological modeler with a toolset to refine Environmental niche models (ENMs). These tools include soil and land class filtering, niche area quantification and...