Abstract Carbon fiber reinforced plastic (CFRP) laminates are often used in a quasi-isotropic manner, such as cross-ply lamination; thus, the mechanical properties of CFRP cannot be fully exploited. In this study, we proposed carbon design method, which uses orientation and thickness lamination parameters, where is determined using principal stress direction by iterative calculations maximum th...

the idea of combining low weight and good mechanical properties has led to efforts to develop a new light fiber/metal laminate (fml) in the last decade. fmls are hybrid composites consisting of alternating thin layers of metal sheets and fiber-reinforced epoxy prepregs. in this study, the effect of fiber orientation on tensile properties of this material is investigated both analytically and ex...

Carbon Nanotubes reinforced composite materials are widely used in aerospace engineering due to high strength-to-weight ratios, which can be tailored per requirements. The behaviour of the structures depends on various factors like, Lamination scheme, Ply orientation and loading conditions. In present work, Static deflection stresses analysis a Nano Tube laminated hybrid plate extends First Ord...

It is a long-standing conjecture in 3-manifold theory that every homotopy equivalence f :M!N between closed, irreducible 3-manifolds M and N , with j 1(M)j (=j 1(N)j) = 1, is homotopic to a homeomorphism. In [Wa], Waldhausen proved that this conjecture was true, if we assume that N contains a 2-sided incompressible surface S. The proof consists of rst homotoping the map f so that the pullback s...