To remain competitive in today’s marketplace, paper based label manufacturers must be able to produce a stable, flat product. This requires controlling the moisture content in all layers of the final product to equilibrium. Coated or laminated paper processes typically require high temperature curing which creates moisture imbalances between the paper substrate and the coating or laminated laye...

A wide range of plastic materials is now available in industry. It was thought that a number of these might be suitable for the construction of orthopaedic splints and they have been tried with varying degrees of success. Most have been found unsuitable for one reason or another, some because the technique of manipulation was too elaborate, and others because they were lacking in certain necess...

The past two decades have seen immense strides being made in novel fabrication techniques, particularly in additive manufacturing (AM) technologies, also known as “rapid prototyping” and “3D printing,” as well as in novel subtractive techniques such as laser-cutting and waterjet-cutting. The most popular practical technologies, such as fused-deposition modeling (FDM), stereolithography, selecti...

Ultrafast electron thermalization—the process leading to carrier multiplication via impact ionization1,2, and hot-carrier luminescence3,4—occurs when optically excited electrons in a material undergo rapid electron–electron scattering3,5–7 to redistribute excess energy and reach electronic thermal equilibrium. Owing to extremely short time and length scales, the measurement and manipulation of ...

In this paper, the temperature, time and pressure of the three process parameters were selected as three control factors of the low temperature co fired ceramic (LTCC) substrate laminating process. By using an L9 (33) orthogonal array which have 9 different process parameters' levels combinations were designed. The finite element analysis model of the LTCC substrate were established by using th...

There is increasing interest in organic solar cells (OSCs) based on conjugated polymers due to their promising potential for future energy sources with low cost, high throughput, light weight, and superior mechanical fl exibility. [ 1–3 ] Recently, Heliateck in Germany demonstrated an OSC with a power conversion effi ciency (PCE) of 12%, which represents the current worldrecord value for OSCs. ...

•Lightweight aramid-based structural material against impact and thermal hazards•Structure hardening, interlayer sliding, intralayer cracking dissipate force•Microvoids ANF scaffolds enable excellent insulation heat resistance•AFSG outperforms conventional protective materials in anti-impact Safety protection for apparatus/personnel mechanical damage harsh environments requires sensible design ...

The paper aims to illustrate the relevant use of infrared thermography as a nondestructive, non-contact and real time technique (a) to observe the progressive damage process and failure mechanism of wood, and (b) to detect the occurrence of intrinsic dissipation localization. The investigated parameter is the heat generation due to intrinsic dissipation caused by inelasticity. Thanks to the the...

Wood structures not only have a significantly lower embodied energy and associated carbon emissions than equivalent steel and concrete structural systems, wood is a carbon sink, removing carbon dioxide from the atmosphere and storing it in building components. The reduction of carbon dioxide is critical to addressing related energy and climate issues. Unfortunately, the structural properties an...

LDPE remains the classic material of choice for many Extrusion Coating Applications, due to excellent processing and end-use performance reasons. High shear extrusion screws are desirable, actually promoting oxidation of the melt for improved adhesion to substrates. T-shaped flat die technology, with internal deckling, has emerged as the premium technology to handle monolayer and multilayer ext...