For the first time the entire sequence of the mating behaviour of Antarctic krill (Euphausia superba) in the wild is captured on underwater video. This footage also provides evidence that mating can take place near the seafloor at depths of 400-700 m. This observation challenges the generally accepted concept of the pelagic lifestyle of krill. The mating behaviour observed most closely resemble...

BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer in the world. The current available treatments for CRC include surgery, chemotherapy and radiotherapy. However, surgery is only useful when the disease is diagnosed at the earlier stage. Chemotherapy and radiotherapy are associated with numerous side effects that decrease the patients' quality of life. Safer, effective alternati...

[Following the workshop where the above was presented, Dr Carl Walters of the Fisheries Centre, UBC, developed an approach now implemented as an ECOPATH II subroutine called ECOSIM, which reexpresses the linear equation system that the ECOPATH approach relies on, into a system of differential equations which can be integrated over time (Walters et aI1996). Thus, once an ECOPATH II model is cons...

The aim of this study was to examine the ecological plausibility of the "krill surplus" hypothesis and the effects of whaling on the Southern Ocean food web using mass-balance ecosystem modelling. The depletion trajectory and unexploited biomass of each rorqual population in the Antarctic was reconstructed using yearly catch records and a set of species-specific surplus production models. The r...

For the first time the entire sequence of the mating behaviour of Antarctic krill (Euphausia superba) in the wild is captured on underwater video. This footage also provides evidence that mating can take place near the seafloor at depths of 400– 700 m. This observation challenges the generally accepted concept of the pelagic lifestyle of krill. The mating behaviour observed most closely resembl...

Understanding the temporal variability in vital rates (e.g. growth and survivorship) of wild populations is practically and statistically difficult but crucial for connecting such variation to mechanistic drivers and their population consequences. For somatic growth, empirical estimates of variation are rare because they often require expensive long-term tag-recapture programs. In marine pelagi...

Chinstrap penguins Pygoscelis antarctica are one of the major consumers of Antarctic krill Euphausia superba in the Southern Ocean. To examine their foraging strategy, we studied foraging trip patterns and diving behaviour of chinstrap penguins breeding at Signy Island, Antarctica, using time-depth recorders. Foraging trips of penguins could be divided into 2 groups, short diurnal (7.8 h) and l...

Figure 3. Cumulative frequency distribution of the mean krill bio mass (g nr2) of 1-km subsamples for the fast (solid line) and slow (dashed line) surveys. Cram, D.L., J.J. Agenbag, I. Hampton, and A.A. Robertson. 1979. SAS Protea Cruise, 1978: The general results of the acoustics and remote sensing study, with recommendations for estimating the abundance of krill {Euphausia superba Dana). Sout...