this paper investigates the importance of considering biomass growth and decay for predicting a field scale microbial degradation of btex plume in an unconfined aquifer system in the pump station area of tehran oil refinery (tor), iran. a two-dimensional finite volume model has been presented to predict multi-species reactive transport incorporating physical, chemical and biological processes i...

A qualitatively new understanding of the nature of ions at the liquid water surface is emerging. Traditionally, the characterization of liquid surfaces has been limited to macroscopic experimental techniques such as surface tension and electrostatic potential measurements, wherein the microscopic picture then has to be inferred by applying theoretical models. Because the surface tension of elec...

We have added a new Figure 3, where we show two frequency spectra. The first spectrum (Figure 3 a) is in absence of the breaking waves, where the first peak indicates the edge wave frequency and the second peak indicates the surface elevation frequency. The second frequency spectrum (Figure 3 b) is plotted in presence of breaking wave and indicates the suppression of the peak for the edge wave ...

Antibodies and B cell receptors often bind their antigen at cell-cell interface while both molecular species are surface-bound, which impacts bond kinetics and function. Despite the description of complex energy landscapes for dissociation kinetics which may also result in significantly different association kinetics, surface-bound molecule (2D) association kinetics usually remain described by ...

The chemical modification of hydrophobic polymer matrices is an alternative way to elchange their surface properties. The introduction of sulfonic groups in the polymer changes the surface properties such as adhesion, wettability, catalytic ability, and adsorption capacity. This work describes the production and application of chemically modified polyvinyl chloride (PVC) as adsorbent for dyes r...

Vertically oriented graphene (VG) nanosheets exhibit unique structural characteristics, such as large accessible surface area, rich edges, high electrical conductivity, open network channels, and agglomeration resistance, for electrochemical energy-storage applications (e. g., supercapacitors, lithium-ion batteries, etc.). In this Review article, we summarize recent progress in the design engin...