OBJECTIVES To investigate the effect of different induced head-neck-jaw postures on head-neck relocation error among healthy subjects. METHODS 30 healthy adult male subjects participated in this study. Cervicocephalic kinesthetic sense was measured while standing, habitual sitting, habitual sitting with clenched jaw and habitual sitting with forward head posture during right rotation, left ro...

the major aim of this article is to determine the role of culture in perceptual learning style (pls) preferences of iranian english learners, in order to minimize teacher-student style conflict in the classroom. to do this, 400 university students from different fields of study were selected from allameh tabatabaee university in tehran, ferdowsi university of mashhad and mashhad university of m...

Media learning can be disadvantaged into four types, namely: (1) Visual media, which only relies on students' senses of sight; (2) Audio involves hearing, (3) Audiovisual hearing and sight simultaneously in one process or activity; (4) Multimedia, several types media equipment an integrated manner a activity. This study aims to analyze the effect application cooperative using visual beginning w...

Sensory stimulation is intended to enhance the rehabilitative potential of brain-injured individuals in a coma or vegetative state. Protocols may involve stimulation of any or all of the following senses: visual, auditory, olfactory, gustatory, cutaneous and kinesthetic. Protocols may involve stimulation of any or all of the following senses: visual, auditory, olfactory, gustatory, cutaneous, a...

Current models of analogical reasoning assume that representations of source examples and target problems occur in an amodal format--that is, a representation whose construction and processing are independent of activity in the perceptual and motor cortices of the brain. We examined the possible use of kinesthetic information--perceptual structures associated with the sensation of space and for...

We investigated Gardner's “Theory of Multiple Intelligences” in a sample of 200 adults. For each of the hypothesized eight “intelligence” domains–Linguistic, Logical/Mathematical, Spatial, Interpersonal, Intrapersonal, Musical, Bodily-Kinesthetic, Naturalistic–we selected two tests based on Gardner's description of its content. Factor analysis revealed a large g factor having substantial loadin...

We can precisely control only what we can sense. Sensing limb position or limb movement is essential when we precisely control our limb movements. It has been generally believed that somatic perception takes place in the neuronal network of somatosensory areas. Recent neuroimaging techniques (PET, fMRI, transcranial magnetic stimulation) have revealed in human brains that motor areas participat...

In this paper we present a novel approach to force feedback in robot-assisted surgery. Haptic stimuli, consisting of both kinesthetic and cutaneous components, are substituted with cutaneous feedback only. This new approach to sensory substitution in haptics is called sensory subtraction, since it can be thought as the subtraction between the complete haptic interaction and its kinesthetic comp...

This paper presents a novel approach to force feedback in robot-assisted surgery. Haptic stimuli, consisting of kinesthetic and cutaneous components, are substituted with cutaneous feedback only. This new approach to sensory substitution is called sensory subtraction, as it subtracts the destabilizing kinesthetic part of the haptic interaction to leave only cutaneous cues. In order to evaluate ...

We introduce a novel paradigm for robot programming with which we aim to make robot programming more accessible for unexperienced users. In order to do so we incorporate two major components in one single framework: autonomous skill acquisition by robotic playing and visual programming. Simple robot program skeletons solving a task for one specific situation, so-called basic behaviours, are pro...