The gravity model has been extensively used in international trade research for the last 40 years because of its considerable empirical robustness and explanatory power. Since their introduction in the 1960’s, gravity models have been used for assessing trade policy implications and, particularly recently, for analyzing the effects of Free Trade Agreements on international trade. The objective ...

JEL classification: F12

This paper examines the impact of American public attitudes toward foreign countries on the volume of trade. The issue is whether popular attitudes, as elicited in these surveys, convey any information about trust, risk, or transactions costs beyond what can be explained through standard economic models. The results of this paper suggest that they do, with a one standard deviation increase in w...

We address the problem of gauging the influence exerted by a given country on the global trade market from the viewpoint of complex networks. In particular, we apply the PWP method for computing indirect influences on the world trade network.

We are concerned with trade in transport services (not cabotage but rather international shipping, transport, and related logistical services) and the importance of competition and market structure in the sector. We examine implications of liberalization for profits, trade, and national gains from trade. Though past GATS maritime negotiations involved the maritime nations, we also flag interest...

The instability of the conflict in Mali has increased for four years since 2018. increase violence, military coups, political instability, humanitarian crises, and terrorism forced United Nations to its strength pushing implementation peace agreements intrastate conflict. This research was conducted using qualitative methods with secondary data see role encouraging resolution during period last...

Reducing transaction costs by means of policy intervention could generate comparative advantages and contribute to the growth of international trade. Chinese government agencies have introduced a number of policies in support of rapidly growing cross-border e-commerce to promote China’s international trade. However, the previous literature has not empirically verified the precise effect of thes...

How do international trade institutions shape social regulations? I develop a dynamic model of domestic regulation under international trade institutions. While international trade institutions invalidate harmful protectionist regulations, they could also indirectly increase regulation by inducing citizens to dismantle domestic institutional constraints on it. If the total effect is a reduction...

The World Trade Organization’s role in resolving international trade disputes is crucial, particularly multilateral trade, which continues to grow alongside information disclosure and technology advancements. Dispute settlement systems often depend on the existence of Appellate Body. However, 2019, United States prevented new members from joining this body, resulting dysfunction instability. Mo...