This chapter describes how the spatial distribution of economic activity changes as economies develop and grow. We start with the relation between development and rural-urban migration. Moving beyond the coarse rural-urban distinction, we then focus on the continuum of locations in an economy and describe how the patterns of convergence and divergence change with development. As we discuss, the...

The global financial and economic crisis triggered sharp output contractions in almost all industrialized economies in 2009 for the first time in the post-Second World War era. Besides the direct impacts of this contraction in developed economies, subsequent declines in cross-border trade and the rising cost of finance had serious negative effects on emerging and developing economies. In partic...

This article examines technology policy and change in the Sudanese banking industry. Attention is given to the context of a developing economy that is aiming to fast track into the international banking arena through the introduction and use of new technology that is consistent with banking IT associated with more advanced industrialised economies. Some of the problems of translating a technolo...

A. Introduction Over the last few years, emerging markets and developing economies have enjoyed a remarkably benign global environment. Their economies have been supported by low interest rates in the United States, low risk premiums, strong growth in major export markets, and high prices for commodity exports. This supportive global environment, however, is unlikely to last. Although many coun...

Electronic commerce (e-commerce) has been utilised as a vehicle to rapidly transform the world into an information society. Yet despite the proven potential of e-commerce in the small business sector, studies have shown that it is the larger businesses that have reaped the benefits, with small/medium enterprise (SME) adoption remaining relatively low by comparison. This slow growth of e-commerc...

In developed countries, businesses are adopting environmentally friendly management practices, possibly because they are proving profitable. However, the benefits of a corporate environmental strategy are less clear in developing and transition economies, where environmental regulations are poorly enforced and social pressures are weak. Given this lack of clarity, understanding the causes and c...

In recent years foreign banks have expanded their presence significantly in several developing economies. In Argentina and Chile in Latin America and in the Czech Republic, Hungary, and Poland in Eastern Europe, foreign-controlled banks now hold more than half of total banking assets. In other regions the trend is similar, though foreign bank entry has been slower. Despite the growing number of...

This study examines the impact of globalization on cross-country inequality and poverty using a panel data set for 65 developing counties, over the period 1970-2008. The role of globalisation in increasing inequality in economies with financial markets imperfections has been highlighted in the theoretical literature but has not been systemically tested empirically. We provide a first pass at te...

This study examines one of the unintended consequences of ICT investments in developing economies. Although ICT has helped developing countries create links with the global marketplace, which in turn has stimulated economic growth during the good times, it has also synchronized these economies such that the global economic crisis has also affect them. This paper specifically studies the questio...

Extending the wealth accumulation model of Piketty and Zucman [2014] to include net depreciation in fossil fuels, minerals, and forests produces two key indicators: the net national saving rate adjusted for natural capital depreciation, and the ratio of this rate to long-run growth. These indicators are applied to eight rich economies over 1970–2013 and developing countries for 1979–2013. Where...