BACKGROUND Keratoprostheses (KPs) are made of an optical cylinder integrated with a supporting element which conditions their biocompatibility. A new KP with a Dacron tissue colonisable support has been designed in order to reduce significantly the complication rate. METHODS This new KP was implanted into 20 eyes of 20 patients with bilateral corneal blindness unsuited to a corneal implant. T...

We present analytic expressions for ULF wave-derived radiation belt radial diffusion coefficients, as a function of L and Kp, which can easily be incorporated into global radiation belt transport models. The diffusion coefficients are derived from statistical representations of ULF wave power, electric field power mapped from ground magnetometer data, and compressional magnetic field power from...

We give the formulation in extended superspace of an N = 2 super-symmetric KP hierarchy using chirality preserving pseudo-differential operators. We obtain two quadratic hamiltonian structures, which lead to different reductions of the KP hierarchy. In particular we find two different hierarchies with the N = 2 classical super-W n algebra as a hamiltonian structure. The relation with the formul...

We give a new explicit solution to the KP hierarchy. This is written in terms of Schur symmetric functions, and uses the known characterization of solutions to the KP hierarchy in terms of solutions to the Plücker relations. Our solution to the Pluc̈ker relations involves a countable set of variables for content, a combinatorial parameter for partitions (which themselves arise because they index...

We review briefly some ideas and constructions for dKP (from KP) and its Hamiltonian dynamics, discuss its quantization via Moyal back to KP, and treat the KP hierarchy itself as a sequence of quantum Hamiltonian systems based on the dKP dynamics. Some connections to q-theories are also indicated. The constructions are all well known (cf. [6, 8, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 23, 24, 29, 3...

We discuss commuting flows and conservation laws for Lax hierarchies on noncommutative spaces in the framework of the Sato theory. On commutative spaces, the Sato theory has revealed essential aspects of the integrability for wide class of soliton equations which are derived from the Lax hierarchies in terms of pseudo-differential operators. Noncommutative extension of the Sato theory has been ...

The KP equation with self-consistent sources (KPESCS) is treated in the framework of the constrained KP equation. This offers a natural way to obtain the Lax representation for the KPESCS. Based on the conjugate Lax pairs, we construct the generalized binary Darboux transformation with arbitrary functions in time t for the KPESCS which, in contrast with the binary Darboux transformation of the ...

The microscopic theories of quantum gravity related to integrable lattice models can be constructed as special deformations of pure gravity. Each such deformation is defined by a second order differential operator acting on the coupling constants. As a consequence, the theories with matter fields satisfy a set of constraints inherited from the integrable structure of pure gravity. In particular...

The quantization of a pair of commuting differential operators is a pair of non-commuting differential operators. Both at the classical and quantum level the flows of the KP hierarchy are defined and further one can consider switching, up to a sign, the ordering of the operators. We discuss the interaction of these operations with the quantization.

We present a family of knapsack problems (KPs) while highlighting their particular applications. Though most of the problems are derived from the classical KP, the differences arise in the addition or modification of the constraints or in the way the objective function is defined. Appropriate techniques that were found to be successful in solving these problems are briefly reviewed. Hybrid meth...