RATIONALE In this study, a case of toe keloid after nail extraction is presented, in which the keloids on both toes were resected by surgical excision. Keloids (from the Greek word meaning "crab's claw") are fibrous growths that extend beyond the original area of injury to involve the adjacent normal skin. In general, keloid tendencies appear to be regionally isolated to keloid-prone areas, suc...

Introduction: Keloid scars are difficult to treat and result from aberrant wound healing have recurrence rates of 50% 80% without treatment. Clinicians who comfortable with surgical removal often offer patients post excision prophylactic options such as glucocorticoid creams, pressure dressings, radiation. However, these therapies can be timely for may involve poor compliance. The exact mechani...

BACKGROUND Keloids are the result of a dysregulated wound healing process. They are characterized by the formation of excess scar tissue that proliferates beyond the boundaries of the original wound. Somatic mutations of p53 have been implicated as causal events in up to 50% of all human malignancies. In addition, p53 has been shown to play an important role in controlling cell proliferation an...

INTRODUCTION The sternalis is a rare (strap-like) parasternal muscle that is well known to anatomists, but relatively unknown to clinicians, including surgeons. Familiarity with the muscle is important in avoiding potential confusion when incidentally encountered. When available, the muscle can be harvested for reconstruction of the chest wall or of nearby region. PRESENTATION OF CASE The pat...

BACKGROUND Keloids are defined as a kind of dermal fibroproliferative disorder resulting from the accumulation of collagen. In the remodeling of extracellular matrix, the balance between matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and the tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMPs) is as critical as the proper production of extracellular matrix. We investigate the role of TIMPs and MMPs in the pathoge...

Keloids and hypertrophic scars are different expressions of the same derailment of wound healing; their biological behaviors and appearances are quite different. The clinical differences between hypertrophic scars and keloids have long been recognized. However, distinguishing between the two types of scars on histology is sometimes difficult as the ‘keloid collagen’, the hallmark of keloid, is ...

Keloids, partially considered as benign tumors, are characterized by the overgrowth of fibrosis beyond the boundaries of the wound and are regulated mainly by transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1, which induces the transition of fibroblasts to myofibroblasts. Hypoxia is an important driving force in the development of lung and liver fibrosis by activating hypoxia inducible factor-1α and stimulat...