Vitamin K is present in the diet in the forms of phylloquinone and menaquinones. Phylloquinone, which is the major dietary source, is concentrated in leafy plants and is the vitamin K form best characterized in terms of food composition and dietary intakes. In contrast, menaquinones are the product of bacterial production or conversion from dietary phylloquinone. Food composition databases are ...

We run experiments showing that algorithm clarans (Ng et al., 2005) finds better Kmedoids solutions than the standard algorithm. This finding, along with the similarity between the standard K-medoids and K-means algorithms, suggests that clarans may be an effective K-means initializer. We show that this is the case, with clarans outperforming other popular seeding algorithms on 23/23 datasets w...

Let D be a digraph, V (D) and A(D) will denote the sets of vertices and arcs of D, respectively. A (k, l)-kernel N of D is a k-independent (if u, v ∈ N then d(u, v), d(v, u) ≥ k) and l-absorbent (if u ∈ V (D) − N then there exists v ∈ N such that d(u, v) ≤ l) set of vertices. A k-kernel is a (k, k − 1)-kernel. A digraph D is transitive if (u, v), (v, w) ∈ A(D) implies that (u,w) ∈ A(D). This co...

BACKGROUND Neonatal Vitamin K prophylaxis is an effective intervention for reducing vitamin K deficiency bleeding. A recently published report of parental refusal of vitamin K prompted an investigation of the prevalence and characteristics of this group, and exploration of whether these same parents were likely to subsequently refuse immunization for their children. METHODS We conducted a ret...