We propose an approach to categorize real-world natural scenes based on a semantic typicality measure. The proposed typicality measure allows to grade the similarity of an image with respect to a scene category. We argue that such a graded decision is appropriate and justified both from a human’s perspective as well as from the image-content point of view. The method combines bottomup informati...

While some studies have shown that people prefer typical product designs, others have shown that people also like product designs that are new. To reconcile these contradictory findings, the design principle, ‘Most Advanced, Yet Acceptable’ proposes that people prefer a balance of both typicality and novelty in product designs. As an explanation, we propose that typica...

The adequacy of similarity to prototype as an account of categorization in natural concepts was assessed by analyzing the monotonicity of the relation between typicality of an item in a category and the probability of a positive categorization response using data from McCloskey & Glucksberg (1978). The analysis revealed a strong underlying similarity-based threshold curve, with systematic devia...

In 2 separate self-paced reading experiments, Farmer, Christiansen, and Monaghan (2006) found that the degree to which a word's phonology is typical of other words in its lexical category influences online processing of nouns and verbs in predictive contexts. Staub, Grant, Clifton, and Rayner (2009) failed to find an effect of phonological typicality when they combined stimuli from the separate...

Extensions of Description Logics (DLs) to reason about typicality and defeasible inheritance have been largely investigated. In this paper, we consider two such extensions, namely (i) the extension of DLs with a typicality operator T, having the properties of Preferential nonmonotonic entailment P, and (ii) its variant with a typicality operator having the properties of the stronger Rational en...

Prototypical items within a semantic category are processed faster than atypical items within the same category. This typicality effect reflects normal representation and processing of semantic categories and when absent may be reflective of lexical-semantic deficits. We examined typicality effects in individuals with semantic and nonsemantic variants of primary progressive aphasia (PPA; semant...

It is well known that a system weakly coupled to a heat bath is described by the canonical ensemble when the composite S + B is described by the microcanonical ensemble corresponding to a suitable energy shell. This is true for both classical distributions on the phase space and quantum density matrices. Here we show that a much stronger statement holds for quantum systems. Even if the state of...

This paper presents an approach to the joint optimization of neural network structure and weights which can take advantage of BP as a specialized decoder. The approach is validated on the toy problem of N-Input Parity Function and successfully applied to a real-world engine fault diagnosis problem.

This paper presents an approach to the joint optimization of neural network structure and weights which can take advantage of backpropagation as a specialized decoder. The approach is applied to binary classification of brain waves in the context of brain-computer interfaces.

In a sensor network, exploiting the correlation among different sources allows a significant reduction of the transmitted energy at the cost of a complex decoder scheme. This paper introduces the first hardware implementation for joint source-channel decoding of correlated sources. Specifically, a dual-clustered VLIW processor with a highly optimized datapath is presented.