The author sketches the history of Japanese encephalitis in the USSR, where it has been thoroughly studied since it first occurred in 1938. After a brief outline of its epidemiology, he describes the pathogenesis, the signs and symptoms, and the pathophysiological mechanisms that make this form of encephalitis so dangerous. He also discusses the diagnosis and the methods of treatment and preven...

Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) consists of five genotypes (GI-V). Phylogenetic characterization of 16 JEV strains isolated from the 'USSR', Japan and Korea during the 1930-1970s revealed that 15 strains fell into GIII, confirming that GIII was the predominant genotype of JEV in Japan and Korea between 1935 (isolation of the prototype strain; a GIII virus) and the 1990s (when GI supplanted GI...

There is an error in the tenth sentence of the Abstract. The correct sentence is: In addition, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays were conducted to determine recent viral infections and 12 (1.3%) subjects were found to have been recently infected by the virus. There is an error in the first sentence of the “Recent infection to Japanese encephalitis virus” section of the Results. The correct sen...

Murray Valley encephalitis virus (MVEV), a flavivirus belonging to the Japanese encephalitis serogroup, can cause severe clinical manifestations in humans. We report a fatal case of MVEV infection in a young woman who returned from Australia to Canada. The differential diagnosis for travel-associated encephalitis should include MVEV, particularly during outbreak years.

Because serosurveys of Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) among wild animals and pigs may not accurately reflect risk for humans in urban/residential areas, we examined seroprevalence among dogs and cats. We found that JEV-infected mosquitoes have spread throughout Japan and that dogs, but not cats, might be good sentinels for monitoring JEV infection in urban/residential areas.

Persistent and latent Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) infection was studied in pregnant and non-pregnant mice. Following intraperitoneal inoculation into pregnant mice JEV persisted for 16 weeks in contrast to 4 weeks in non-pregnant mice. This was followed by a higher frequency of latent infection in pregnant mice. The virus could be reactivated during pregnancy or by cyclophosphamide treatm...

BACKGROUND Seizures are common in encephalitis but there is paucity of comprehensive studies evaluating predictors of seizures. AIM To evaluate the frequency and predictors of seizures in encephalitis patients and its effect on outcome. METHODS In a prospective hospital based study, the patients with encephalitis were evaluated clinically and presence of seizure, its type and duration were ...

Since 2005, Arboviruses and Enteroviruses have been confirmed as some of pathogens causing acute meningoencephalitis in children in the South of Vietnam. Therefore, they have been selected in priority into a sentinel surveillance and investigation system of emerging infectious diseases in Ben Tre province during 2008-2010. The surveillance system for viral Acute Encephalitis Syndrome (AES) was ...

BACKGROUND Improvement of additional immunization rate is indicated as an important factor for effective immunization of diseases. In this study, the relationship between retention of mother and child health handbook and additional immunization rate of Japanese encephalitis and tetanus was examined. METHODS A survey via questionnaire was performed against parents of students of middle schools...

Traits involved in reproduction evolve rapidly and show great diversity among closely related species. However, the genetic mechanisms that underlie the diversification of courtship traits are mostly unknown. Japanese medaka fishes (Oryzias latipes) use anal fins to attract females and to grasp females during courtship; the males have longer anal fins with male-specific ossified papillary proce...