Concrete is one of civilization’s most durable building materials. The ancient Romans used concrete 2,000 years ago to make structures that still stand today. People now use the material’s modern versionaggregates such as sand or gravel held together by a cement and water pastemore than all other construction materials combined. The world produced 4.3 billion metric tons of cement in 2014, an...

Does the language processing system make use of abstract grammatical categories and representations that are not directly visible from the surface form of a linguistic expression? This study examines stem-formation processes and conjugation classes, a case of ‘pure’ morphology that provides insight into the role of grammatical structure in language processing. We report results from a cross-mod...