Abstract Background An increase in population has led to a higher demand for food. Meeting up this necessitated the use of chemical fertilizers. However, utilization these fertilizers considerable deleterious effect on soil, plant, human, environmental sustainability, and only cost reduced profitability. With identified problems, there is need efficient sustainable methods regarding managing na...

Availability is but one of the three cornerstones in information security: Confidentiality, Integrity, and Availability. Nevertheless, its importance cannot be undermined. With the advent of simplified computing technologies, it is not impossible to achieve a high availability firewall setup within a reasonably short span of time. The focus of this paper is on the subject of high availability (...

The availability of a thermodynamic system out of equilibrium with its environment describes its ability to performwork in a reversible processwhich brings it to equilibriumwith this environment. Processes in nite time can usually not be performed reversibly thus leading to unavoidable losses. In order to account for these losses the concept of nite time availability was introduced. We here add...