Stable water isotopologues, mainly H 2 O, HHO (HDO), and H2 18O, are useful tracers for processes in the global hydrological cycle.The incorporation of water isotopes into Atmospheric General CirculationModels (AGCMs) since 1984 has helped scientists gain substantial new insights into our present and past climate. In recent years, there have been several significant advances in water isotopes m...

Isotopic compos•tien and concentration of barium in six stone meteorites and the silicate inclusions of two iron meteorites and three terrestrial samples were measured by use of a 'double spike' isotopic dilution technique in order to correct for laboratory fractionation. Any differences between the abundances of the isotopes in meteoritic and terrestrial Ba were found to be less than 0.1% for ...

We have investigated the ground-state properties of carbon isotopes in the framework of the relativistic mean-field (RMF) theory. RMF calculations have been performed with the non-linear scalar self-coupling of the σ meson using an axially symmetric deformed configuration. We have also introduced the vector self-coupling of the ω meson for the deformed mean-field calculations. The results show ...

We have investigated the ground-state properties of carbon isotopes in the framework of the relativistic mean-field (RMF) theory. RMF calculations have been performed with the non-linear scalar self-coupling of the σ meson using an axially symmetric deformed configuration. We have also introduced the vector self-coupling of the ω meson for the deformed mean-field calculations. The results show ...

Development and applications of isotope methodologies in hydrology have been an integral part of the program component of the IAEA over the last three decades, within the framework of its overall activities related to peaceful nuclear applications. The use of environmental isotopes as a means of tracing water movement in the hydrology including surface and ground water is much of the Agency's w...

Stable isotopes have been extensively used to trace element cycles and their incorporation into food webs. This chapter provides a brief introduction to the principles of using stable isotopes as natural or deliberate tracers in estuarine systems, with a focus on (1) assessing the origin and cycling of organic and inorganic elements (mainly carbon and nitrogen), (2) defining estuarine food webs...

The direct measurement of plutonium in spent reactor fuel is an unmet challenge in international safeguards. In this simulation study, we investigate the use of the delayed gamma rays from fission product nuclei to determine the amount of fissile isotopes (Pu-239, Pu-241, and U-235) in irradiated light water reactor fuel assemblies. Fission is stimulated with an interrogating neutron source, an...

Proton and neutron densities have been obtained for the even-even isotopes of Sn from 100 Sn to 176 Sn using a Hartree-Fock-Bogoliubov model with a Skyrme interaction. The matter densities so defined have been used with realistic nucleon-nucleon interactions in a folding model to specify optical potentials for the elastic scattering of protons with energies in the range 40 to 200 MeV. Those pot...

We use the relativistic mean field (RMF) theory to systematically study the change of deformation of even-even nuclei in the proton-rich Xe region. We investigate the appearance of triaxial deformation in 25 nuclei in the region covering Z = 50 − 58 and N = 64 − 72 by performing constrained, triaxially symmetric RMF calculations of their energy surfaces. We include pairing correlations using th...

We have investigated the ground-state properties of carbon isotopes in the framework of the relativistic mean-field (RMF) theory. RMF calculations have been performed with the non-linear scalar self-coupling of the σ meson using an axially symmetric deformed configuration. We have also introduced the vector self-coupling of the ω meson for the deformed mean-field calculations. The results show ...