knee surgery. The purpose of this study was to assess the analgesic effects of intra-articular injection of a dexmedetomidine following knee arthroscopy. Methods:   Forty six patients schadualed for arthroscopic knee surgery under general anaesthesia, were randomly devided into two groups. Intervention group received 1μg/kg dexmedetomidine (D) and isotonic saline. Control group received 25ml is...

A hazard rate λ(t) is assumed to be of the shape of the “first” part of a “bathtub” model, i.e., λ(t) is non-increasing for t < τ and is constant for t ≥ τ . The isotonic maximum likelihood estimator of the hazard rate is obtained and its asymptotic distribution is investigated. This leads to the maximum likelihood estimator and a confidence interval for a new version of the change point parame...

Within the model of isotonic space, a principle is presented which generalizes the unfolding technique to the multidimensional ease. The availability of exhaustive configurational solutions given complete data is pointed out. Finally three criteria are suggested for the choice of a particular solution from among the set of all solutions, which are applicable in the case either of complete or in...

IMPORTANCE Use of hypotonic intravenous fluids for maintenance requirements is associated with increased risk of hyponatremia that results in morbidity and mortality in children. Clinical trial data comparing isotonic and hypotonic maintenance fluids in nonsurgical hospitalized pediatric patients outside intensive care units are lacking. OBJECTIVE To compare isotonic (sodium chloride, 0.9%, a...

BACKGROUND The renal distal nephron plays an important role in the maintenance of sodium balance, extra cellular volume and blood pressure. The degree of water transport, via aquaporin2 water channels (AQP2), and sodium transport, via epithelial sodium channels (ENaC) in renal collecting duct principal cells are reflected by the level of urinary excretion of AQP2 (u-AQP2) and the γ-fraction of ...

purpose there is a decrease in quadriceps muscle strength in subjects with patellofemoral pain syndrome. various types of strengthening exercises of the quadriceps are done as part of its management, but the effect of isotonic eccentric quadriceps muscle exercises on patellofemoral pain syndrome has not been studied. hence the aim of this exploratory pilot study was to evaluate the effect of ec...

We consider the problem of learning the parameters of a Bayesian network from data, while taking into account prior knowledge about the signs of influences between variables. Such prior knowledge can be readily obtained from domain experts. We show that this problem of parameter learning is a special case of isotonic regression and provide a simple algorithm for computing isotonic estimates. Ou...

This study investigates two-stage plans based on nonparametric procedures for estimating an inverse regression function at a given point. Specifically, isotonic regression is used at stage one to obtain an initial estimate followed by another round of isotonic regression in the vicinity of this estimate at stage two. It is shown that such two stage plans accelerate the convergence rate of one-s...

Water movement occurs to a variable degree across every epithelial layer of cells and plays a determinant role in the homeostasis of body fluid balance. Is such water transport the result of a difference of water activity or osmotic pressure across the epithelium? The answer to that question is more often negative as demonstrated by the phenomenon of isotonic water movement. Many epithelia tran...