Despite a number of studies on the efficacies of antiseptics for the prevention of blood culture contamination, it still remains unclear which antiseptic should be used. Although the combination of povidone-iodine and isopropyl alcohol has been traditionally used in many institutions, the application of povidone-iodine needs extra time, and there is little evidence that this combination could h...

CTP : phosphocholine cytidylyltransferase activity exists in both the microsome and cytosol fractions of adult lung, 36 and 59%, respectively. Although these enzyme activities are stimulated in vitro by added lipid activators (i.e. phosphatidylglycerol), there are significant levels of activity in the absence of added lipid. We have removed endogenous lipid material from microsome and cytosol p...

Background: A neem-based conditioner lotion (ONC) used against head lice was previously tested clinically and shown to be relatively ineffective. To improve the activity against lice and their eggs, it was reformulated into a silicone vehicle (NNC) as part of a project to improve pediculicidal medical devices. An ultrasound nit comb was also developed to be used in conjunction with the neem lot...

The purpose of this research was to evaluate the effect of penetration enhancers on permeation kinetics of nitrendipine (NTP) through two different skin models. The permeation profile and related kinetics parameters such as activity parameter, diffusion parameter, lag time, relative activity parameter and relative diffusion parameter of NTP was determined in presence of some novel and widely ac...

BACKGROUND Microemulsions (MEs), which consist of oil, water, surfactants, and cosurfactants, have recently generated considerable interest as antimicrobial agents. OBJECTIVES To determine the antifungal and antiviral activities of three ME formulations (MEa, MEb, and MEc) that differ in their hydrophilicity. METHODS The ME formulas were produced by mixing different fractions of Tween 80, S...

Background: The stratum corneum (SC) forms a difficult physical barrier for drugs to pass through the skin. Several strategies were developed to overcome this barrier. Optimization of topical drug formulations by selected excipients may facilitate the penetration of drugs through the SC into the viable skin cells and ultimately into the systemic circulation. Methods: Here, both the influence of...

Methyl indolenines (4a-c) and(5a-c) were prepared in high yield by a Fischer indole synthesis reaction of o,m-tolylhydrazine hydrochlorides (1a-b) with isopropyl methyl ketone (2) and 2-methylcyclohexanone (3) in acetic acid at room temperature. o,p- Nitrophenylhydrazines (1c-d) were reacted with 2-methylcyclohexanone (3) in acetic acid at reflux to give nitroindolenines (5d-e), while the attem...

The reaction o f 5'-CMP with methyl, ethyl, «-propyl and isopropyl iodides gave predomi­ nantly ribose alkylated products. Various alkylated derivatives have been characterized using UV spectroscopy, paper electrophoresis, 'H N M R and FAB (negative) mass spectroscopic techniques. Under strongly alkaline conditions the 2'-0-alkylated derivatives are synthesized in maximal yields. Isopropylation...

       Volatile constituents of the seed kernel and leaf of cultivated Moringa peregrina (Forssk.) Fiori, Agricolt collected after hydrolysis were analyzed by GC and GC/MS. Five glucosinolate degradation products which constituted almost the whole isolated oil of the seed kernel were identified to be: isobutyl isothiocyanate (94.0%), isopropyl isothiocyanate (4.9%), sec-butyl isothiocy...