Inappropriate prescribing of antibiotics by health care professionals is a worldwide concern. This study evaluated the knowledge and practices of dental practitioners in the city of Shiraz, Islamic Republic of Iran regarding their therapeutic use of antibiotics for patients with dentoalveolar infections. Of 219 (48.6%) dentists responding to the questionnaire more than 40% would prescribe antib...

1Endocrine and Metabolism Research Centre, Doctor Shariati Hospital, Tehran University, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran. 2Health Research and Education Unit, Healthcare Organization, National Iranian Oil Corporation, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran. Received: 30/07/02; accepted: 27/03/03 ABSTRACT To estimate the direct cost of coronary heart disease (CHD) to the Iranian oil industry, we calcu...

Rapid advances in biomedical science and technology, which have revolutionized medicine and health-care services in different societies, have been associated with inevitable ethical challenges. Undoubtedly, these innovations could lead to irreversible disasters if they are not limited by appropriate regulations. Substantial attempts have been made in the Islamic Republic of Iran to establish a ...

Hezbollah, which in Arabic stands for the “Party of God,” has over the last few decades grown into one of the most influential Lebanese political organizations and militias. Hezbollah was conceived in the midst of the violent civil War of Lebanon, and in its early stage it often resorted to terrorist acts. However, over the years it has gradually transformed into a legitimate political current....

Dental students should have knowledge of geriatric dental care and positive attitudes toward elderly patients. This study assessed senior dental students' knowledge of geriatric dental care and their attitude towards elderly patients. A descriptive cross-sectional questionnaire survey was conducted on volunteer senior students in all dental schools (n = 512) in the Islamic Republic of Iran. The...

This cross-sectional survey aimed to provide an overview of tobacco control strategies in the countries of the Eastern Mediterranean Region (EMR). A questionnaire to collate data on implementation of 6 major policies was developed based on the previously published Tobacco Control Scale and using MPOWER measures of the WHO Tobacco Free Initiative and the Tobacco Atlas. Only 3 of the 21 countries...

1 Department of Electrical Engineering, Ahar Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ahar, Iran [email protected] 2 Department of Electrical Engineering, Ahar Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ahar, Iran [email protected] ABSTRACT In this paper the real time operation of an automatic teller machine (ATM) is analyzed using a Timed Petri Net (TPN) model. In the modeling, the probabili...

We estimated the prevalence of type 2 diabetes in the Islamic Republic of Iran by systematic review of all available studies in the country between 1996 and 2004 and aggregation of the data using meta-analysis and meta-regression methods. In those > 40 years the prevalence was 24% and it increased by 0.4% with each year after 20 years of age. The risk of type 2 diabetes was 1.7% greater in wome...

1Department of Medical Entomology and Vector Control, School of Public Health and Institute of Health Research, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran. ABSTRACT A diagnostic polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay using species-specific primers and direct sequencing was used to identify members of the Anopheles maculipennis complex in the north-west and central re...

1Neonatal Intensive Care Unit Ward, Vali-e-Asr Reproductive Health Research Centre, Imam Hospital Complex, Tehran Medical University, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran (Correspondence to F. Nayeri: [email protected]). ABSTRACT Antenatal corticosteroids are still not routinely used in the Islamic Republic of Iran to promote lung maturity in premature neonates. In a retrospective review of...