This chapter traces how British and Dutch colonial officials gathered and organized knowledge on Islamic law in the British Straits Settlements (Penang, Malacca and Singapore) and the Netherlands Indies (present-day Indonesia) respectively. Despite clear differences between the legal systems and administrative structures of the two colonies, colonial authorities shared a considerable amount of ...

This study compares the hazard of failure in Islamic and conventional commercial banks using survival models. The sample consists of 421 banks from 20 Middle and Far Eastern countries observed during the 1995 to 2010 period. The conditioning variables are of both bank-level and country-level type. The analysis suggests that Islamic banks have lower failure risk and are less interconnected which...

1Department of Iranian Traditional Medicine, School of Traditional Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran 2Department of Anesthesiology, Research Institute for Islamic and Complementary Medicine (RICM), Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran 3Traditional Medicine Clinical Trial Research Center, Shahed University, Tehran, IR Iran 4The Research Institute fo...

1Endocrine Research Centre, Shaheed Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Islamic Republic of Iran. 2Department of Disease Control and National Committee for the Control and Management of Diabetes, Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran. Received: 23/04/02; accepted: 06/01/03 SUMMARY Diabetes mellitus has become a monumental problem and a major heal...

Shahram Jamali1, Neda Alipasandi2,*, and Bita Alipasandi3 1Computer Engineering Department, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran 2Sama technical and vocational training college, Islamic Azad University, Ardabil Branch, Ardabil, Iran 3Young Researchers and Elite Club, Ardabil Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ardabil, Iran *Corresponding Author’ Information: Tel.: +98-45-33361902, E-ma...

Zahid Rafique b b Department of Computer Science and Software Engineering, International Islamic University, Islamabad, Pakistan [email protected] Tehmina Amjad b b Department of Computer Science and Software Engineering, International Islamic University, Islamabad, Pakistan [email protected] Hussain Dawood d d Faculty of Computing and Information Technology, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, S...

Asghar DAVOOD, Eskandar ALIPOUR, Abbas SHAFIEE3,∗ Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Islamic Azad University, Tehran-IRAN Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Islamic Azad University, Tehran-IRAN Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, and Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 14174 IRAN e-mail: ashaf...

1 Department of Mathematics, Islamic Azad University, Khorasgan Branch, 81515-158 Isfahan, Iran 2 Department of Mathematics, Khansar Faculty of Computer and Mathematics, University of Isfahan, Isfahan 81746-73441, Iran 3 Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, University PutraMalaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia 4 Department of Mathematics, Islamic Azad University, Mobarakeh Branch, 8...

[1]. Department of Medical Microbiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands, Utercht, Netherlands. [2]. Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran. [3]. Department of Biology, Kharazmi University, Karaj, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran. [4]. Department of Bacteriology, School of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat ...

Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Karaj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Alborz, Iran; Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Department of Basic Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran; Department of Poultry Disease Diagnostics Section, Center of Iran Veterinary Organization Laboratory, Tehran, Iran; Department of Basic Sciences, F...