The irregularity of a graph G is defined as irr(G) = ∑ |d(x) − d(y)| where d(x) is the degree of vertex x and the summation embraces all pairs of adjacent vertices of G. We characterize the graphs minimum and maximum values of irr.

BACKGROUND Despite impressive improvements in maternal survival throughout the world, rates of antepartum complications remain high. These conditions also contribute to high rates of perinatal deaths, which include stillbirths and early neonatal deaths, but the extent is not well studied. This study examines patterns of antepartum complications and the risk of perinatal deaths associated with s...

Melanoma incidence is increased after organ transplantation, but there is uncertainty as to why this occurs. Diagnoses of invasive melanoma were ascertained in 8,152 kidney transplant recipients (1982-2003) by linking national Australian population-based registers, the Australia and New Zealand Dialysis and Transplant Registry, and the Australian National Cancer Statistics Clearing House. Incid...

Background and Purpose—Data are lacking on the differences in hemorrhagic stroke incidence between black Caribbean (BC), black African (BA), and white ethnic groups. We estimated the incidence for primary intracerebral hemorrhage (PICH) and subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) and the associated risk factors for BCs, BAs, and whites. Methods—First-ever stroke patients were drawn from a prospective com...

OBJECTIVE In the 30 days after hospital discharge, hospital utilisation is common and costly. This study evaluated the association between gender and hospital utilisation within 30 days of discharge. DESIGN Secondary data analysis using Poisson regression stratified by gender. PARTICIPANTS 737 English-speaking hospitalised adults from general medical service in urban, academic safety-net me...

OBJECTIVE to identify staff and institutional factors associated with substandard care by midwives managing postpartum hemorrhage (PPH). METHODS A multicenter vignette-based study was e-mailed to a random sample of midwives at 145 French maternity units that belonged to 15 randomly selected perinatal networks. Midwives were asked to describe how they would manage two case-vignettes about PPH ...

IRR (insulin receptor-related receptor) is a receptor tyrosine kinase belonging to the insulin receptor family, which also includes insulin receptor and IGF-IR receptor. We have previously shown that IRR is activated by extracellular fluid with pH > 7.9 and regulates excess alkali excretion in the body. We performed a bioinformatic analysis of the pH-sensitive potential of all three members of ...

BACKGROUND In the combined antiretroviral therapy (cART) era, non-acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)-defining malignancies account for more morbidity and mortality in human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients than AIDS-defining malignancies. However, conflicting data have been reported on the relationship between immunodeficiency and the development of some non-AIDS-defining maligna...

BACKGROUND The number of chemicals in household products has driven concern about potential adverse health through their use. Most research concentrates on product chemicals with reproductive and carcinogenic consequences, however some evidence exists that immune effects can lead to exacerbation of autoimmune illnesses such as lupus (SLE). OBJECTIVES This paper examines household and personal...