The synthesis of various volatile and thermally stable derivatives of metals ions has permitted the use of conventional mass spectrometry for trace metal analysis. This paper reviews the development of the field using electron impact and chemical ionization mass spectrometry. This latter methodology produces simple mass spectra that enable complex mixtures to be analyzed. In addition the use of...

Mammalian cells accumulate iron via the binding of transferrin to high affinity surface receptors, or through a transferrin-independent pathway which involves the uptake of iron-organic anion chelates by a membrane-based transport system. Previously we determined that the transferrin-independent transport system was present on a wide variety of cultured cells (Sturrock, A., Alexander, J., Lamb,...

A high-performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization/mass spectrometry (time of flight) method has been developed for the simultaneous determination of synthetic Fe(III)-chelates used as fertilizers. Analytes included the seven major Fe(III)-chelates used in agriculture, Fe(III)-EDTA, Fe(III)-DTPA, Fe(III)-HEDTA, Fe(III)-CDTA, Fe(III)-o,oEDDHA, Fe(III)-o,pEDDHA, and Fe(III)-EDDHMA, ...

The coordination of iron(II) ions by a homoditopic ligand L with two tridentate chelates leads to the tautomerism-driven emergence of complexity, with isomeric tetramers and trimers as the coordination products. The structures of the two dominant [Fe(II) 4 L4 ](8+) complexes were determined by X-ray diffraction, and the distinctness of the products was confirmed by ion-mobility mass spectrometr...

The purpose of this paper is to describe some of the areas where electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) has provided unique information to MRI developments. The field of application mainly encompasses the EPR characterization of MRI paramagnetic contrast agents (gadolinium and manganese chelates, nitroxides) and superparamagnetic agents (iron oxide particles). The combined use of MRI and EPR has...

Introduction Blood Volume fraction (BVf) and Vessel Size Index (VSI) MR imaging are powerful tools for characterizing tumor microvasculature and its evolution under therapy. BVf and VSI imaging are based on the measurement of the changes in R2 (ΔR2) and in R2* (ΔR2*) induced by a contrast agent (CA) [1]. In brief, two types of CA have been evaluated: iron oxide particles (USPIO), in animals, an...

Inflammatory activity in atherosclerotic plaque is a risk factor for plaque rupture and atherothrombosis and may direct interventional therapy. Inflammatory activity can be evaluated at the (sub)cellular level using in vivo molecular MRI. This paper reviews recent progress in contrast-enhanced molecular MRI to visualize atherosclerotic plaque inflammation. Various MRI contrast agents, among oth...

Iron (Fe) is essential for plant growth and development. However, alkaline soils, which occupy approximately 30% of the world's arable lands, are considered Fe-limiting for plant growth because insoluble Fe (III) chelates prevail under these conditions. In contrast, high bioavailability of Fe in acidic soils can be toxic to plants due to the ability of Fe ions to promote oxidative stress. There...

Diethyldithiocarbamate (DDC), a potent copper chelating agent, has long been used for the treatment of oxygen toxicity to the central nervous system, as an immunomodulator to treat cancer, and in HIV-infected patients. We evaluated the antioxidant properties of DDC, including its scavenging of reactive oxygen species, its reducing properties, its iron-chelating properties, and its protective ef...