Abstract This article investigates whether sanctions have changed or influenced Iran's trade patterns, focusing on neighboring countries. The study concentrates first the United Arab Emirates (UAE), considered main regional partner. We hypothesize that should had a negative impact with UAE, as latter cooperated US policies toward Islamic Republic. By contrast, were likely to positively influenc...

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BACKGROUND The Hajj Ceremony, the largest annual gathering in the world, is the most important life event for any Muslim. This study was designed to evaluate the incidence of stroke among Iranian pilgrims during the Hajj ceremony. METHODS We ascertained all cases of stroke occurring in a population of 92,974 Iranian pilgrims between November 27, 2007 and January 12, 2008. Incidence and risk f...

Twenty community garden programs in upstate New York (representing 63 gardens) were surveyed to identify characteristics that may be useful to facilitate neighborhood development and health promotion. The most commonly expressed reasons for participating in gardens were access to fresh foods, to enjoy nature, and health benefits. Gardens in low-income neighborhoods (46%) were four times as like...

The Constitution and domestic legislation of the Islamic Republic Iran is distinguished by its specific attitude not only to norms Muslim law, but also provisions international law. recognizes undoubted priority law over legislative acts adopted Majlis country, Iran. At same time, are equated Iranian legislator with legal conflicts between arising in connection this position spiritual secular a...

a r t i c l e i n f o The Dow Jones Islamic Market indices (DJIMI) are constructed by screening out stocks that are incompatible with Islam's prohibition of interest and certain lines of business. However, as a blunt instrument, the interest rate can affect discounted cash flows of any firm, even a firm with no financial leverage. This study reveals that the aggregate portfolio of Islamic stock...

In Islamic history, horticulture had a prominent place in the Muslim era. The Arabs planted gardens Medina and Taif. this sense, were an important source of food trade. Leaving Arabia, when Islam reached Persia Syria Egypt Andalusia, kings rulers gardens. They not only encouraged farmers but also took personal interest. fruit trees abundantly mountainous desert areas. And canals dug, along thei...