restraint-induced stress (rs) increases histamine concentration in the brain. there is no previous report regarding the role of histamine receptors in immunomodulatory effect of rs. in the present study the role of brain histamine receptors on reduction of humoral and cellular immune function induced by rs was evaluated. for this purpose male wistar rats (200-250 g) were immunized with sheep re...

Background and Aims: Wild-type RS-12 strain of mumps virus has been isolated from an Iranian patient and has been attenuated after several serial passages. This study was designed to determine nucleotide and amino acid substitutions in the HN, F and SH genes during attenuation of the wild-type virus. Materials and Methods: Required viral samples prepared at Razi Vaccine and Serum Institute. Vi...

This study was conducted to examine effects of resistant starch compared to fructooligosaccharide (FOS) and zinc bacitracin (ZnB), on performance and ileum morphology in broilers. The experiment groups included a control (basal diet with no additive; CON), four groups receiving different levels of resistant starch type 2 (1, 2, 3, and 4% added to basal diet; RS), a group receiving fructooligosa...

parkia biglobosa starch was subjected to different heat-moisture treatment (hmt) at different moisture contents (15, 20, 25, and 30%) at 110oc for 16 hours. the content of resistant starch (rs) was the lowest (33.38%) in the untreated native parkia and increased in the samples with hmt-15 (37.79%), hmt-30 (39.64%), hmt-25 (46.63%), and hmt-20 (50.14%), showing significant increase (p < 0.05) in...

without any doubt, road safety (rs) needs a precise planning in road accident prevention. rs effects on different fields of the life. therefore, response to this need in order to promote the rs as well as to save more lives is the most asset in each country. in the recent years, statistics have been shown that the numbers of mortalities due to road crashes decreased. this shows the true motion ...