I t has been recognized for many ypars that many aspects of clay technolofcy including soil treatment and drilling nnul treatment must remain in an essentially empirical state until a basis for the understanding of ion exchange reactions is established. Much of the work on ion exchange reactions of clays in the i)ast has been directed toward establishing total exchange capacities or determining...

Carbon nanofibers (CNFs) have been synthesized from thermoplastic polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) using electrospinning in combination with a novel three-step heat treatment process, which successfully stabilizes the fibrous morphology before carbonization that was proven to be difficult for thermoplastic polymers other than polyacrylonitrile (PAN). These CNFs are both mesoporous and microporous wit...

1,3-Dipolar cycloadditions of (1Z,4R∗,5R∗)-4-benzamido-3-oxo-5-phenylpyrazolidin-1-ium-2ides 3a – e to ethyl propiolate (4) were studied. The reactions were carried out in anisole under reflux and in anisole under microwave irradiation at 150 ◦C. All reactions were quite non-selective and furnished mixtures of isomeric cycloadducts, 5, 5′, 6, and 6′, with ethyl (1S∗,6R∗,7R∗)-6-benzamido-1(4-nit...

the ability of natural clinoptilolite and its modified forms were studied for removal of pahs from n-paraffin. surfactant modified zeolite (smz) was obtained by modifying clinoptilolite with hexadecyltrimethylammonium ion. homoionic forms of zeolite were obtained by ion exchange process using inorganic salts of desirable cations (e.g. ag+, fe3+…). natural clinoptilolite and its cation exchanged...

The new dialkyl(aryl) lithium zincates [(THF)(2)Li(C(6)H(4)-OMe)MeZnMe] (4), [(TMEDA)Li(C(6)H(4)-OMe)MeZnMe] (6), [(THF)(3)Li(C(6)H(4)-OMe)(t)BuZn(t)Bu] (7), and [(PMDETA)Li(C(6)H(4)-OMe)(t)BuZn(t)Bu] (8) have been prepared by co-complexation reactions of lithiated anisole with the relevant dialkylzinc compound and the relevant Lewis base. These new heterobimetallic compounds have been characte...

Nitrate is an anion of major importance particularly in biological areas. Excessive amounts in water supplies indicate pollution from sewage or agricultural effluents. The effects of excessive quantities of nitrate in water are well known. In this research structural modification of natural clinoptilolite by isomorphic substitution was performed. Isomorphously substituted zeolite was prepar...

Abstract Substituted benzenes such as phenol, benzaldehyde, and anisole are the simplest fragments from lignin separation feedstocks. We have collected available primary experimental results on vapour pressures, enthalpies of phase transition, combustion anisole. The resulting data gas-phase standard molar formation were validated using quantum chemical method G4. consistent sets evaluated ther...

As pointed out by Appelo (1996), multicomponent ion exchange models have not been widely used in geochemical or geochemical transport modeling of subsurface processes, despite their recognized importance in regulating soil and sediment pore water compositions. This is also somewhat surprising considering the demonstrated success of ion exchange models in describing sorption and subsurface trans...

Microporous carbon catalysts with large surface areas (800-1100 m(2) g(-1)) and high densities of SO3H groups (ca. 1.1 mmol g(-1)) were synthesized by sulfonation of zeolite-templated microporous carbon. The resulting SO3H-bearing microporous carbon catalysts exhibited higher catalytic performance for the hydrolysis of cellobiose and the Beckmann rearrangement than conventional solid acid catal...