Background: Iodide transport defect (ITD) is a dyshormonogenetic congenital hypothyroidism caused by sodium/iodide symporter (NIS) gene mutations. In the lactating mammary gland, iodide is concentrated by NIS, and iodine for thyroid hormone synthesis is thereby supplied to the infant in the breast milk. Case Description: A 34-year-old Japanese woman was diagnosed with ITD caused by a homozygous...

OBJECTIVE Several studies have suggested that iodine may influence thyroid hormone status, and perhaps antibody production, in patients with autoimmune thyroid disease. To date, studies have been carried out using large amounts of iodine. Therefore, we evaluated the effect of small doses of iodine on thyroid function and thyroid antibody levels in euthyroid patients with Hashimoto's thyroiditis...

SEVERAL TESTS have been proposed for determining the gross contamination sometimes encountered in serums submitted for protein-bound iodine analysis (1-5). These screens are all l)ased on the use of the coupled Ce(IV-As(III)) reaction as a detection device. However, ceric ions in strong acid solution represent a powerful oxidation system for many organic compounds (6). There is, therefore, a go...

One of the greatest hindrances to the biochemical study of thyroid function has been the lack of a relatively simple, rapid, and accurate method for the determination of minute amounts of iodine in biological material. In general, the methods proposed have been of two types-those employing dry ashing and those employing wet digestion. The principal objections to the former group lie in the comp...

In mountainous parts of the world, such as Switzerland, the Himalayas, the Andes and New Zealand, Goiter (an enlargement of the thyroid gland) is common. This was discovered to be due to shortage in the soil of the trace element iodine [1]. Surprisingly, Kelly et al. [2], London scientists recruited by the Chilean government discovered that iodine in soil does not come from the weathering of ro...

One of the greatest hindrances to the biochemical study of thyroid function has been the lack of a relatively simple, rapid, and accurate method for the determination of minute amounts of iodine in biological material. In general, the methods proposed have been of two types-those employing dry ashing and those employing wet digestion. The principal objections to the former group lie in the comp...

Although iodine is generally regarded as having two main effects on proteins, oxidation of sulfhydryl groups and substitution on the conjugated aromatic rings of tyrosine and histidine, conditions have been known for many years that apparently permitted only the oxidative reactions to occur (l-3). Investigations carried out under these conditions have generally been interpreted as suggesting ox...

The thyroid gland is, embryogenetically and phylogenetically, derived from the primitive gut, and we may consider the thyroid cells as primitive gastroenteric cells which, during evolution, migrated and specialized in the uptake of iodide and in the storage and elaboration of iodine compounds. The stomach and the thyroid share iodideconcentrating ability and many morphological and functional si...

Sodium iodide was given in increasing doses to mentally defective children with normal thyroid function. Maximal suppression of iodine-131 uptake was achieved with 1500 to 2000 micrograms of iodide per square meter of body surface per day, but quickly rebounded when iodide was discontinued. This minimal effective dose is important if countermeasures against fallout are employed.