BACKGROUND Unacceptable adverse effects, contraindications to and/or ineffectiveness of World Health Organization step III "pain ladder" drugs causes needless suffering among a population of cancer patients. Successful management of severe cancer pain may require invasive treatment. However, a patient's refusal of an invasive procedure necessitates that clinicians consider alternative options. ...

We administered combined femoral 3 in 1 and sciatic nerve blocks to provide postoperative pain relief in 22 consecutive patients undergoing elective knee replacement surgery under spinal anaesthesia. The patients were allocated randomly to two groups. In group A (n = 11) the blocks were performed with 0.5% bupivacaine (with adrenaline) 3 mg/kg body weight and in group B (n = 11) 0.5% plain bupi...

Two groups of patients who requested extradural analgesia were studied in a within-patient controlled trial and received either 0.5% bupivacaine with adrenaline 5 mug/ml or 0.5% bupivacaine plain as the analgesic agent (first group) or 0.5% bupivacaine or 2% lignocaine both with adrenaline 5 mug/ml (second group). Arterial pressure, central venous pressure (CVP), maternal and foetal heart rate ...

When physicians consider which analgesia to use postsurgery, the primary goal is to relieve pain with minimal adverse side effects. Bupivacaine, a commonly used analgesic, has been formulated into an aqueous suspension of multivesicular liposomes that provide long-lasting analgesia for up to 72 hours, while avoiding the adverse side effects of opioids. The increased efficacy of liposomal extend...

The efficacy of an extradural infusion of 0.0625% or 0.125% bupivacaine was studied in 98 primigravid mothers in active labour. No special measures were taken to posture the mother (except to avoid aorto-caval compression). The study regimen included a control group (no infusion) receiving intermittent top-ups (0.25%. bupivacaine 8-10 ml), two groups receiving bupivacaine 6.25 mg h-1 infusion i...

INTRODUCTION The aim of our study was to compare the effects of isobaric and hyperbaric bupivacaine combined with morphine or fentanyl in patients undergoing caesarean section. We assessed quality and spread of analgesia and anaesthesia, postoperative analgesic requirement and side effects. MATERIAL AND METHODS Hundred patients with American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status (ASA) ...

BACKGROUND Previous investigations have reported on the chondrotoxicity of bupivacaine in short-term in vivo and in vitro models. This study was designed to provide additional information on the long-term effects of bupivacaine infusion on articular cartilage in an established rabbit shoulder model. HYPOTHESIS Infusion of bupivacaine into the rabbit shoulder will have long-term deleterious ef...

Isobaric levobupivacaine is a long acting amide type of local anaesthetic that S-enantiomer racemic bupivacaine with clinical profile resembling bupivacaine. It has been stated its faster protein binding rate reflects decreased degree toxicity and studies done have supported it lesser cardiovascular central nervous system than Sixty patients aged between 18yrs 60yrs physical status ASA grade 1 ...

Following lumbar extradural analgesia with 0.5% bupivacaine, the placental transfer of bupivacaine was examined in 40 women undergoing elective and 40 women undergoing emergency Caesarean section. Within each group, the patients received randomly either plain bupivacaine or bupivacaine with adrenaline 1 in 200,000. Plasma bupivacaine concentrations were measured in blood samples taken simultane...