introduction: health care classifications are essential tools for collecting and processing health-related information. they also provide a unified language for interdisciplinary communications. nursing data is important for extension of knowledge, evaluating the quality and effectiveness of nursing care, and supporting human resource planning. therefore, an integrated system for collecting, st...

Revisions of the International Classification of Diseases (ICD) can lead to biases in cause-specific mortality levels and trends. We propose a novel time series approach to bridge ICD coding changes which provides a consistent solution across causes of death. Using a state space model with interventions, we performed time series analysis to cause-proportional mortality for ICD9 and ICD10 in the...

Death certificates are the most commonly used source of information for the estimation of the frequency of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) in populations. National mortality statistics have been the major tool used for studying geographic variations in CVD. Such comparisons have suggested that major differences in CVD mortality trends can be found between countries, and that even national trends ...