background interleukine-12 (il-12) induced interferon-γ (ifn- γ) production and development of t cells into th1 cells, which has a critical role in immunity to intracellular pathogens. objectives the current study aimed to evaluate the possible association between il12a rs568408, il12b rs3212227 as well as il-12 receptor (il-12r) rs383483 polymorphisms and pulmonary tuberculosis (ptb). methods ...

Background and Aims: Natural killer T (NKT) cells have been suggested to play critical roles in a wide range of immune responses especially against hepatotropic pathogens such as hepatitis C virus (HCV). In  the  present  study,  we  investigated  the  status  of  NKT  cells  by producing interleukin-17 cytokine in  peripheral  bl...

We would like to thank Basyigit, et al. for their comments of on our recent study that aimed to determine pretreatment 25(OH)D serum level among hepatitis C virus (HCV) infected individuals and its impact on virological response and laboratory data. Our main results were hepatitis C patients showed lower vitamin D level and it was associated to laboratory findings; however baseline 25(OH)D leve...

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the pattern of pro-inflammatory cytokines, anti-inflammatory cytokines and the acute phase response (APR) as markers of the response to treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis. METHODS Twenty-eight patients with pulmonary tuberculosis were evaluated at three time points: pretreatment (T0), treatment month 3 (T3) and treatment month 6 (T6). Levels of interferon-gamma (IFN-gam...

BACKGROUND The purpose of the study was to examine the association between leisure-time physical activity (LTPA), cardiovascular biomarkers and atherosclerosis among asymptomatic men with stable LTPA level throughout the 25-year prospective observation. METHODS Out of 101 asymptomatic men prospectively observed for their lifestyle and cardiovascular risk factors, the cohort of 62 individuals ...

INTRODUCTION Multiple sclerosis (MS) treatment options are primarily limited to immunomodulatory therapies in MS non-progressive forms. Nutrition intervention studies suggest that diet may be considered as a complementary treatment to control disease progression. Therefore, dietary intervention may help to improve wellness and ameliorate symptoms of MS patients. OBJECTIVES To assess the effec...

BACKGROUND The aim of this analysis was to examine long-term effects of changes in metabolic status on microvascular endothelial function and cardiovascular diseases (CVD) biomarkers among physically active middle-aged men. METHODS Metabolically healthy men (n = 101, mean age 59.7 years), free of symptoms and treatment, have been prospectively observed for their lifestyle and CVD risk factors...

We investigated the effects of ingesting a multi-ingredient (53 g carbohydrate, 14.5 g whey protein, 5 g glutamine, 1.5 g L-carnitine-L-tartrate) supplement, carbohydrate only, or placebo on intermittent performance, perception of fatigue, immunity, and functional and metabolic markers of recovery. Sixteen amateur soccer players ingested their respective treatments before, during and after perf...