This paper examines the impact of bank efficiency on access to credit. We test hypothesis that higher efficiency, meaning a better ability banks operate at lower costs, favors credit for firms. To this end, we perform cross-country analysis with firm-level data and bank-level compute using sample about 54,000 firms from 76 countries. find greater improves The beneficial alleviate constraints ta...

This paper uses micro data from four OECD countries (the United States, Spain, Italy, and the Netherlands), to assess the determinants of household debt holding and to investigate whether or not credit constraints are important for household debt holding. We extend the existing literature in important ways. First, we present comparative evidence for four countries at the micro level, where we r...

the study was designed to analyze credit receipt and enterprise performance by small scale agro based enterprises in the niger delta region of nigeria. a multistage sampling technique was adopted in selecting 264 agro based enterprises and 96 agro based enterprises that accessed informal and formal credit respectively. the heckman model was used to examine the factors affecting amount of inform...

This article introduces a new approach for dealing with the diversification/concentration risk of fixed income assets. Because Government bonds, corporate and mortgage backed securities constitute large proportion assets institutional investors in most countries, it is important to be able determine number lines/issuers such assets, not only portfolio management but also purposes. The that I in...

The investigation allowed to determine guidelines carry out a technical control in the granting of credits and recovery past due portfolio Savings Credit Cooperatives, thus perform an adequate management concession past-due loans.
 research design was executed with qualitative quantitative modality, inductive deductive method, interviews, surveys, field direct observation.
 With resul...

Protecting the safety and welfare of clinical trial subjects is the primary responsibility of the multidisciplinary ethics committee. In India, ethics committees have come under increasing criticism for functioning as "secret societies unaccountable to the public" (1). Yet, little effort has been made to undertake qualitative research on the ethics review bodies. This article describes the esse...

OBJECTIVE To compare the attitudes toward and perceptions of institutional practices that can influence patient safety between all professional groups at a university medical center. DESIGN A questionnaire measuring nine dimensions of organizational and safety culture was distributed to all hospital workers. Each item was rated on a 1 ('strongly disagree') to 5 ('strongly agree') scale. PAR...

In this paper we discuss how literacy has been positioned within the senior secondary curriculum and how different views of literacy are situated in the curriculum through disciplinary and institutional practices. We discuss a research project where we have drawn on three definitions of literacy – a print-oriented, language oriented or semiotic view – to conduct an linguistic analysis of syllab...

The healthcare sector is one where two co-existing and competing institutional logics – professional and market logics – occur. Following extant research on institutional logics and institutional work, we propose to understand “what microprocesses and institutional practices do institutional actors enact during the implementation of healthcare IT system? What are the impacts of these practices ...

This study explores faculty deposits in institutional repositories (IR) within selected disciplines and identifies the diverse navigational paths to IR sites from library Web site homepages. The statistical relationship between the development of an IR and the presence of a Web site dedicated to the reform of traditional scholarly communication is also explored. The implications for the develop...