Cowpea, Vigna unguiculata [L.] Walp. is a widely planted nutritious grain legume [1]. It is cultivated in many West African countries including Nigeria. Cowpea is a source of dietary protein, vitamins and mineral salts. It has been consumed by human since the earliest practice of Agriculture in developing countries of Africa, Asia, and Latin America [2]. The pulse beetle, Callosobruchus maculat...

BACKGROUND Diarrhea is an important cause of childhood mortality in developing countries like Pakistan because of unhygienic conditions, lack of awareness, and unwise use of preventive measures. Mechanical transmission of diarrheal pathogens by house flies, Musca domestica, is believed as the most effective route of diarrhea transmission. Although the use of insecticides as a preventive measure...

This journal is © The Royal Society of Chemistry 2002 Introduction Herbivorous insect and mite pests are a major threat in the continuous supply of food for human consumption. Synthetic insecticides and acaricides play a major role in modern agriculture and their chemical, environmental and toxicological properties have been improved considerably over the last six decades. Without the use of ch...

©ADF Health 2007 http://www.defence.gov.au/dpe/dhs/ Infectious disease integrated methods involving insecticides and repellents. One option is to reduce the biting density by killing adult and larval mosquitoes with insecticides and by using b rrier in ecticide sprays on tentage and surrounding foliage. These methods are suitable in static base locations, but not for protecting patrolling soldi...

Cotton is one of the most important cash crops of India. It is grown for its lint and seed. In India, cotton was cultivated on an area of 11.70 million ha with a production of 29.00 million bales of seed cotton during 2013-14. Average productivity of cotton in India is 540 kg lint per ha, which is low when compared to world average of 766 kg lint per ha (AICCIP, 2013-14). The major limiting fac...

The tobacco whitefly Bemisia tabaci is one of the most devastating pests worldwide. Current management of B. tabaci relies upon the frequent applications of insecticides. In addition to direct mortality by typical acute toxicity (lethal effect), insecticides may also impair various key biological traits of the exposed insects through physiological and behavioral sublethal effects. Identifying a...

The diamondback moth (DBM), Plutella xylostella (L.), remains a major pest of brassica crops worldwide. DBM has been estimated globally to cost US$ 1 billion in direct losses and control costs. Chemical control of this pest remains difficult due to the rapid development of resistance to insecticides and to their effect on natural enemies. These problems are especially severe in South Asia and A...

Introduction The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of Bt corn, with and without soil insecticides, for management of corn rootworm. Evaluation of Bt hybrids included Agrisure 3000GT, Agrisure 3122 RIB, DeKalb YieldGard VT3, and Pioneer Optimum AcreMax1. Soil insecticides evaluated were Aztec 2.1G, Aztec-SB 4.67G, Capture LFR 1.5SC, Counter-SB 20G, Force 250CS, and SmartCho...

Malaria control depends on mosquito susceptibility to insecticides. We tested Anopheles gambiae mosquitoes from Côte d'Ivoire for resistance and screened a subset for target site mutations. Mosquitoes were resistant to insecticides of all approved classes. Such complete resistance, which includes exceptionally strong phenotypes, presents a major threat to malaria control.