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Resource enrichment can potentially destabilize predator-prey dynamics. This phenomenon historically referred as the "paradox of enrichment" has mostly been explored in spatially homogenous environments. However, many predator-prey communities exchange organisms within spatially heterogeneous networks called metacommunities. This heterogeneity can result from uneven distribution of resources am...

The Japanese input method is a complex procedure involving preediting operations. An application that accepts Japanese from an input device must have three systems for the input method: a keybinding system, a manipulator for preediting, and a kana-to-kanji conversion system. Various keybinding systems and manipulators accelerate input operations. Our implementation separates an application from...

An in situ experimental assessment was made of the effects of the interaction between spectral composition of solar radiation and the limiting nutrient (phosphorous, P) on the algae–bacteria link, measured over the short term (1.5 h after P enrichment) in an oligotrophic and autotrophic high mountain lake. Variables related to the metabolism of algae (primary production, excretion of photosynth...

We present a set of coupled equations that relate the stellar, gaseous, chemical, and radiation constituents of the universe averaged over the whole galaxy population. Using as input the available data from quasar absorption-line surveys, optical imaging and redshift surveys, and the COBE DIRBE and FIRAS extragalactic infrared background measurements, we obtain solutions for the cosmic historie...

We investigated the effects of neonatal optic nerve transection on cortical acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity in hooded rats during postnatal development and following behavioral manipulation after weaning. AChE reaction product was quantified on digitized images of histochemically stained sections in layer IV of primary somatic sensory, primary visual and visual association cortex. Rats wit...

BACKGROUND With the increasing capacity of present-day next-generation sequencers the field of mitogenomics is rapidly changing. Enrichment of the mitochondrial fraction, is no longer necessary for obtaining mitogenomic data. Despite the benefits, shotgun sequencing approaches also have disadvantages. They do not guarantee obtaining the complete mitogenome, generally require larger amounts of i...