OBJECTIVE To determine the pharmacokinetic (PK) and glucodynamic (GD) dose response of human insulin inhalation powder (HIIP) delivered via AIR particle technology and dose equivalence to subcutaneous (SC) insulin lispro. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Twenty healthy, nonsmoking, male or female subjects (aged 29.6 +/- 6.9 years, BMI 23.2 +/- 2.3 kg/m2, means +/- SD) with normal forced vital capa...

OBJECTIVE Uncomplicated, acute upper respiratory tract infections (URTIs) occur in patients with diabetes at a similar frequency to the general population. This study (NCT00642681) investigated the effect of URTIs on the pharmacokinetic (PK) and pharmacodynamic (PD) properties of Technosphere inhaled insulin (TI) in patients with type 1 or type 2 diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS This was...

W eight gain is commonly seen when patients are started on subcutaneous (SC) insulin. In the UK Prospective Diabetes Study, those assigned insulin gained 4 kg more than those assigned conventional therapy at 10 years (1). Given that the majority of patients with type 2 diabetes are overweight or obese (2,3), additional weight gain is clearly a concern. Furthermore, while patients with type 1 di...

As we increasingly recognize the complexity of the pollutants in indoor and outdoor microenvironments, a broad array of inhaled mixtures has assumed scientific, public health, and regulatory importance. Few adverse effects of environmental pollutants are specific, that is, uniquely associated with a single agent; the adverse effects that might be considered in an investigation of the consequenc...

Despite the availability of modern insulin injection devices with needles that are so sharp and thin that practically no injection pain takes place, it is still the dream of patients with diabetes to, for example, swallow a tablet with insulin. This is not associated with any pain and would allow more discretion. Therefore, availability of oral insulin would not only ease insulin therapy, it wo...