Background: Spinal anesthesia is the recommended technique in elective cesarean sections. Usage of vasopressors more widely accepted as an effective method for decreasing postspinal hypotension than fluid loading. However, ideal vasopressor to prevent spinal during section has been a subject much debate. It should maintain maternal blood pressure and placental perfusion, with minimal adverse ef...

three multiparoys lactating sannen dairy goats in midlactation with mean milk production and dim pf 1.5 ±0.22 kg and 167±4 days were used to determine effects of the abomasal infusion wheat starch, wheat starch or cottonseed oil with casein on performance of sannen dairy goats. goats were fed ad libitum with basal diet include, 40% hay alfalfa and 60% concentrate. treatments were abomasal infus...

background: spinal anesthesia is an accepted technique in elective cesarean sections. however, hypotension, resulted from sympathectomy is a common problem, especially in pregnant women. prevention of this complication by sympathomimetic agents is of potential clinical significance. the aim of this study is to compare the effect of prophylactic infusion of phenylephrine versus ephedrine in the ...