Gait-related back movements require coordination of multiple extremities including the flexible trunk. Ageing and chronic back pain influence these adjustments. These complex coordinations can advantageously be quantified by information theoretically based communication measures such as the gait information flow (GIF). Nine back pain patients (aged 61+/-10 yr) and 12 controls (aged 38+/-10 yr) ...

When users access information from text, they engage in strategic fixation, visually scanning the text to focus on regions of interest. However, because speech is both serial and ephemeral, it does not readily support strategic fixation. This paper describes two design principles, indexing and transcript-centric access that address the problem of speech access by supporting strategic fixation. ...

SUMMARY A traditional approach for assessing similarity among N (N > 2) communities is to use multiple pairwise comparisons. However, pairwise similarity indices do not completely characterize multiple-community similarity because the information shared by at least three communities is ignored. We propose a new and intuitive two-stage probabilistic approach, which leads to a general framework t...

The paper is devoted to the investigation of imprecision indices, introduced in [8]. They are used for evaluating uncertainty (namely imprecision), which is contained in information, described by fuzzy (non-additive) measures, in particular, by lower and upper probabilities. We argue that there exist various types of uncertainty, for example, randomness, investigated in probability theory, impr...

Real estate industry is both capital-intensive, highly related industries and industries essential to provide the daily necessities. However, the real estate pricing models and methods of research rarely receive the critical attention and development it deserves. In this paper, we present a multi-resolution approach for the determination of the real estate pricing. The proposed method firstly u...

A database of clinically approved stereotactic radiosurgery treatment plans was created. One hundred and seventy targets in the database were then retrospectively evaluated using conformity indices suggested by RTOG, SALT-Lomax and Paddick. Relationships between the three alternative conformity indices were determined. The Paddick index combines the information provided by the RTOG and SALT-Lom...

Competitive intransitivity occurs when species' competitive abilities cannot be listed in a strict hierarchy, but rather form competitive loops, as in the game 'Rock-Paper-Scissors'. Indices are useful for summarizing intransitivity in communities; however, as with most indices, a great deal of information is compressed into single number. So while recent ecological theory, experiments, and nat...

The purpose of this study was to determine changes in hematological and plasma indices of Common Carp Cyprinus carpio with regard to age, sex and hormonal treatment. Sixty fish were used to assess the age factor. Also, 20 fish including female and male were assigned to determine blood indices with regard to sex and hormonal treatment. The pituitary gland extract was used as hormone for males an...