INTRODUCTION In response to population ageing, the numbers of older carers residing in rural areas are increasing. However, rural older carers are at risk of social isolation due to the decreased social networks associated with ageing and caring responsibilities, and the geographical isolation associated with rurality. This broad, systematic review of the literature was undertaken to: (1) ident...

This study aims to analyze the effect of member participation on cooperative performance and innovation performance. The population in this were 355 cooperatives, we sampled 71. mechanical analysis used multiple regression analysis, F test, t-test. analytical results show that ability innovate simultaneously influence cooperative’s There are two criteria for participation, namely contribution...

Studies on experts' understanding of the public have mainly focused on the views of scientists. We add to the literature on constructions of the public by analyzing the views of decision-makers, professional science communicators and scientists involved in 'space' communication on the public and public participation in policy. Findings show that contextual situations and roles determine the way...

Large global corporations have deployed social software to encourage information sharing and informal communication between geographically distributed employees. Recent research has observed geographically local differences in participation rates and perceived benefits of these systems. We suggest that increasing participation in organizational social software so that it is representative of th...

Maintaining engagement of large audiences is not easy. Traditionally, lectures and presentations have relied on one-way mmunication from the presenter to the listening audience. Without receiving ongoing feedback, speakers cannot be sure that their delivery is at an appropriate pace, or that their message is being received and understood by their audience. This study suggests using a real-time ...

Empirical evidence has shown that off-farm non-agricultural (OFNA) employment offers a major pathway from poverty for rural populations. However, the pattern of participation in these activities is heterogeneous across categories of individuals and poorly understood. We explore the role of spillovers from peers on an individual’s participation in formal and informal OFNA employment using villag...