Infectious diseases are widely recognized to have substantial impact on wildlife populations. These impacts are sometimes exacerbated in small endangered populations, and therefore, the success of conservation reintroductions to aid the recovery of such species can be seriously threatened by outbreaks of infectious disease. Intensive management strategies associated with conservation reintroduc...

various commercial vaccines for immunization of broiler chickens against infectious bursal disease (ibd) are available, so it would be appropriate to compare the pathogenicity and immune response of chickens to these vaccines. in this study the pathogenicity and serologic response of four ibd vaccines, cloned d78®, bursine-2®, bursimune® and cevac gambo-l®, were evaluated in specific pathogen f...

All outbreaks of infectious intestinal disease reported to the authorities were entered on a computer database with outbreak control teams being established to investigate larger or more significant incidents. The outbreak database and, when set up, the notes of outbreak team meetings were examined for the 279 outbreaks reported in a three-year period (2003-2005). Faeces specimens submitted as ...

Upon an outbreak of a dangerous infectious disease, people generally tend to reduce their contacts with others in fear of getting infected. Such typical actions apparently help to reduce the outbreak size. Thanks to today’s broad media coverage, the fear factor may also contribute to preventing an outbreak from happening at all. We are motivated to conduct a careful study on modeling and evalua...

The past three decades have seen significant growth in the field of mathematical modeling of infectious diseases, leading to substantial increase in our understanding of epidemiology and control of these diseases. Ability to quickly unravel the dynamics of the spread of infectious diseases is important for effective prevention of future outbreaks and for control of ongoing ones. Recent interest...

Infectious disease outbreaks recapitulate biology: they emerge from the multi-level interaction of hosts, pathogens, and their shared environment. As a result, predicting when, where, and how far diseases will spread requires a complex systems approach to modeling. Recent studies have demonstrated that predicting different components of outbreaks–e.g., the expected number of cases, pace and tem...

BACKGROUND Dengue, a mosquito-borne febrile viral disease, is found in tropical and sub-tropical regions around the world. Since the first occurrence of dengue was confirmed in Guangdong, China in 1978, dengue outbreaks have been reported sequentially in different provinces in South China transmitted by peridomestic Ae. albopictus mosquitoes, diplaying Ae. aegypti, a fully domestic vector that ...

The available data concerning outbreaks of waterborne infectious disease (WBID), incidence of infectious diseases and prevalence of pathogens in drinking water in the United States were used to estimate the rates of morbidity and mortality from WBID. Bacterial disease rates were estimated based on isolates reported to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), estimated rates for und...