During the suckling period, intestinal enterocytes are richly endowed with endosomes and lysosomes, which they presumably utilize for the uptake and intracellular digestion of milk proteins. By weaning, mature intestinal enterocytes replace those rich in lysosomes. We found that mouse enterocytes before weaning express high levels of two endolysosomal cation channels, mucolipins 3 and 1 -produc...

We present the first study employing Bayesian modelling of isotopic measurements on dentine increments (five human upper molars) to address Romano-British infant feeding practices at Bainesse (UK). The stable carbon and nitrogen isotope results modelled 6-month intervals with novel OsteoBioR software revealed some common patterns, weaning not starting before age 6 months higher animal protein c...

Growth efficiency-related traits are of economic importance for genetically improving of small ruminants especially in tropics with pastures of low quality and quantity. Data on body weights of Raeini Cashmere goat collected from 1979 to 2012 in Raeini breeding station, Kerman province, south-eastern part of Iran were used for estimating the genetic parameters of average daily gain from birth t...

The introduction of complementary foods during infancy marks an important step in the development infant gut microbiome. Infant cereals are popular weaning but consistent evidence on their effect intestinal microbiota, especially when differing nutritional quality, is lacking. Fecal samples from 4–7-month-old Spanish infants who consumed whole grain and sugar content as first were analyzed chan...

OBJECTIVES Parents of children with autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) often report gastrointestinal (GI) dysfunction in their children. The objectives of the present study were to determine whether infants at high risk for developing ASD (ie, siblings of children diagnosed as having ASD) show greater prevalence of GI problems and whether this prevalence is associated with diet and age at weaning...

BACKGROUND Postpartum women need effective contraception. Concerns have been raised that use of progestogen-only contraceptives (POCs) may affect breastfeeding performance and infant health outcomes. OBJECTIVES We investigated the clinical outcomes of breastfeeding duration, initiation of supplemental feeding and weaning, as well as infant outcomes including infant growth, health and developm...

A positive correlation between fertility and infant mortality is generally accepted under certain conditions. The investigation of population change in two parishes in south Oxfordshire during the Stuart period was carried out as part of a Ph.D. thesis. It became apparent that there was a clear link between the death of an infant and the reduction of the subsequent intergenesic interval. It als...

BACKGROUND Campylobacter jejuni has emerged as a leading cause of bacterial enterocolitis. The serine protease HtrA has been shown to be a pivotal, novel C. jejuni virulence factor involved in cell invasion and transmigration across polarised epithelial cells in vitro. However, the functional relevance of the htrA gene for the interaction of C. jejuni with the host immune system in the infant m...

Public health historians will hopefully clarify one day why the public health community has taken so long to recognize the link between contaminated food and diarrhoea — particularly infant diarrhoea — and why it has taken so long to integrate food safety into prevention strategies. Over two decades ago, WHO recognized that infant diarrhoea was a critical public health problem (Snyder JD, Merso...