Pairwise collisions between terrestrial embryos are the dominant means of accretion during last stage planet formation. Hence, their realistic treatment in N-body studies is critical to accurately model formation planets and develop interpretations telescopic spacecraft observations. In this work, we compare effects two collision prescriptions on core-mantle differentiation planets: a which alw...

This paper proposes a thought experiment to search for efficient bounded algorithms of NPC problems by machine enumeration. The key contributions are: • On Universal Turing Machines, a program’s time complexity should be characterized as: execution time(n) = loading time(n) + running time(n). • Introduces the concept of bounded algorithms; proposes a comparison based criterion to decide if a bo...

Alternative splicing has been recognized as a major mechanism for creating proteomic diversity from a limited number of genes. However, not all determinants regulating this process have been characterized. Using subviral human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) env constructs we observed an enhanced splicing of the RNA when expression was under control of the cytomegalovirus (CMV) promoter instead of...

Despite the potential of these alloys and the amount of patents, successful industrial and commercial applications of Shape Memory Alloys (SMA) remain exceptions. This can be explained by the lack of design tools able to dimension correctly SMA elements because the non elastic behavior of SMA lead the classical method of design to be inefficient. Furthermore, this behavior is strongly dependent...

The relationship between gasoline prices and the demand for vehicle fuel efficiency is important for environmental policy but poorly understood in the academic literature. We provide empirical evidence that automobile manufacturers price as if consumers respond to gasoline prices. We derive a reduced-form regression equation from theoretical micro-foundations and estimate the equation with near...