A Co-ordinated Research Project (CRP) was established in 1998 by the IAEA Nuclear Data Section (Update of X-ray and gamma-ray Decay Data Standards for Detector Calibration and Other Applications), in order to improve further the recommended decay data used to undertake efficiency calibrations of gamma-ray detectors. Participants in this CRP reviewed and modified the list of radionuclides most s...

BACKGROUND: The harmful, dangerous essence of the veterinary waste of hospitals, clinics and labora- tories and the consequences of their inconsistent management, such as problems caused by lack of planning in separating, storing, collecting, transporting and disposing of them, causes many environmental and health problems. On the other hand, according to clause 11 and 2 of the Special Waste Ma...

A new model has been developed for evaluating the overall resource consumption and environmental impacts of municipal solid waste management systems by the use of life cycle assessment. The model is named EASEWASTE (Environmental Assessment of Solid Waste Systems and Technologies) and is able to compare different waste management strategies, waste treatment methods and waste process technologie...

This paper presents a multi-objective optimization model for the design of a waste management system consisting of customers, transfer stations, landfills and collection vehicles. The developed model aims to simultaneously minimize the total costs, greenhouse gas emissions and the rates of energy consumption. To tackle the multiple objectives in the problem, we utilize an interactive fuzzy prog...

Little empirically based social scientific research has been carried out with the aim of evaluating mediation procedures. Generally, such procedures are evaluated retrospectively and on the basis of very general criteria (Was an agreement achieved?). The Social Science Research Centre Berlin (WZB) is conducting a research project into mediation procedures in the field of environmental protectio...

BACKGROUND Solid Waste Management (SWM) in metropolises with systematic methods and following environmental issues, is one of the most important subjects in the area of urban management. In this regard, it is regarded as a legal entity so that its activities are not overshadowed by other urban activities. In this paper, a linear mathematical programming model has been designed for integrated SW...

Today's media is filled with headlines about real and perceived financial meltdowns in Asia and the impacts on our stock portfolios. But the real, long term impacts will fall on the region's poor and the development process in general. From the standpoint of environmental management in the region, we are beginning to see some slackening in what was a brisk pace confronting a range of issues, in...

in recent years, supplier evaluation and selection, an important element in supply chain management, has been gaining attention in both academic literature and industrial practice. the mixed integer multi-objective non-linear programming model (mimonlp) presented in this paper aimed to evaluate and select the appropriate set of suppliers considering quantitative and qualitative criteria and in ...

There is warning about ignoring the environment, in particular solid waste and the problem recently has been taken into consideration by the world (1). Since the generation process has a principal role in waste management, the generators place should not be ignored (2). Fast population growth, industrial development, technological advance, and human desire to increase material consumption and f...

Waste disposal in the current situation, which quantity and variety of waste are increasing, needs not only effective management principles but also depends on environmentally-friendly methods to put as less environmental footprint as possible. This study aims to assess the energy consumption, emission of greenhouse gases and air pollutants which normally produce during various waste management...